7.2 Stem categories 319The high-frequency positive imperative is expressed by a stem ("Imprt")
that is very closely related to the Shlmpf. The Imprt does not undergo the
stem-initial changes described in §7.2.3.1, above, for the Shlmpf (insertion of
schwa, C,-Gemination, syncope). There are three Imprt forms for each verb
(§7.4.3): singular-subject (unaffixed, no gender distinction), 2MaPl subject
with suffix C)-aet, and 2FePl subject with suffix C)-mast. These two PI
suffixes require penultimate accent (§3.3.1.1), while the Sg Imprt has default
accent (except when resyllabification has applied). This is seen most clearly in
superheavy stems, e.g. 'be bunched', with Sg Imprt lakanda-t, MaPl Imprt
lakanda-t-aet, and FePl Imprt lakanda-t-maet.
Examples of the Imprt, showing the inflectable Shlmpf stem for
comparison, are in (321). More examples of the Sg Imprt are given alongside
PerfP forms in in §7.2.2.1, and some examples with augment -t- are in §7.1.
(321) Imperativesgloss Shlmpf Sg Imprt 2MaPl 2FePla. 'fight' -aknas- aknas aknas-aet aknas-mast
'be' -amal- amal amal-aet amal-maet
'play' -addal- addal addal-ast addal-mast
'move out' -azlay- azlay [ae'zli] azlay-aet azlay-maet
'reach' -awad- 1 awad [...aed] awad-aet awad-maetb. 'refuse' -ardu- ardu [ae'rdu] ardu-haet ardü-mast
'separate' -abdu- abdu [ae'bdu] abdu-haet abdü-maet
'be useful' -anfu- anfii anfu-haet anfu-maet
'pardon' -sYfii- a?fu [as'Tfu] aifu-haet aTfii-mast
'fall' -Idu- ldu idu-haet idü-maet
'be born' -Iwi- Iwi iwi-haet iwl-mastc. 'fold' /-adhi-/ adh ädh-set adha-maet
'vomit' /-aebsi-/ aebs äebs-aet absa-maetd. 'build' /-aekni-/ akan äekn-aet akna-maet
'leave' /-aejli-/ ajal äejl-aet ajla-maet
'drink' /-asswi-/- asaw äesw-ast aswa-maet
'read' /-32ΥΠ-/ arar sevr-set arra-maete. 'die' -aemmaet semmaet aemmäst-aet aemmaet-mastThe V-initial suffix MaPl O-aet is extended as C)-haet after an overt V,
which is i or u in all cases (-iba- 'be lost' has dummy 3MaSg subject and
forms no imperative), as shown in (321.b).