A Grammar of Tamashek (Tuareg of Mali)

8.1 Causative 455

(462) Causative Inflection for -vPQu- Verbs, all Subtype

resyllabifying stable stem pattern

'show' 'make begin'

-s-vknu- -s-vntu-

a. perfective system

PerfP -ass-akna- -ass-anta-

Reslt -ass-lkna- -ass-lnta-

PerfN -ass-skna- -ass-anta-

b. short imperfective system

ShlmpfP -s-akan -s-aent /-s-aePQi-/

Imprt s-sksn s-eent /s-aePQi/

c. long imperfective system

LoImpfP -s-akna- -s-cinta-

LoImpfN -s-akni- -s-snti-

Prohib -s-sekna- -s-senta-

d. nominalizations

VblN a-s-aksnn a-s-ant /-s-sPQi-/

[PI VblN 1-s-skn-an, 1-s-snt-an]

Agentive e-m-aess-aekaenn — /...sePQ-/

VblN's in other dialects: for 'show' a-s-aksn (R), a-s-aksn (T-md),
a-s-skni (A-grm); for 'make begin' a-s-anti (A-grm). Cf. §3.3.2.
The perfectives are unremarkable, with melody and the usual stem-
initial modifications. In the short imperfectives, we get the same
melody as seen in the underived stems of the same class, so the final /i/ is
deleted, and in the case of 'show' the final unstable CC is resyllabified. The
characteristic long imperfective melody is , and as usual the full set of
LoImpfP local formatives is audibly present. The VblN and agentive show the
same phonology (including dialectal details) as for other heavy verbs. The PI
VblN l-s-skn-an displays χ-Erasure (§3.5.3.3) in connection with the
contraction of the stem-final III.
Some additional causatives of -vPQu- verbs are given in (463). That in
(463.b) involves resyllabification.