A Grammar of Tamashek (Tuareg of Mali)

8.5 Participles (subject relatives) 489

(506) LoImpfP Definite Participles for Four Verbs

MaSg FeSg MaPl

a. 'belch' (LoImpfP -t-ujray-)

w-a i-t-üjray-aen t-α 0-t-ujray-aet w-i t-ujray-nen

b. 'enter' (LoImpfP -t-ajjaes-)

w-α i-t-sejjaes-aen t-α 0-t-sejjaes-ast w-i t-aejjaes-nen

c. 'exit' (LoImpfP -zdjjaer-)

w-α i-zsejjasr-aen t-α 0-zffijjaer-ast w-i zaejjaer-nen

d. 'hit' (LoImpfP

w-α i-ggat-aen t-α t-aggat-ast w-i aggat-nen

w-α i-t-aggdt-aen t-α 0-t-3ggat-ast w-i t-aggdt-nen

In (506.a-c), the underlying LoImpfP stem has marked penultimate accent.
The MaSg participle is consistent with this, though its accent is overridden by
Default Accentuation. In the FeSg and PI participles, we observe Rightward
Accent Shift. In (506.d), the underlying LoImpfP stem has marked accent on
the final syllable, so no accent shift occurs.
Finally consider (507).

(507) LoImpfP Definite Participles for 'marry' (LoImpfP -t-ldubun-)

MaSg FeSg MaPl

w-α i-t-adübun-aen t-α 0-t-sdübun-aet w-i t-adübun-nen

Here we cannot tell whether any accent erasures or shifts have occurred,

since Default Accentuation on the antepenult would override any such

alternations.

An example showing χ-pcl Erasure with a lst-2nd person pronoun head is

(508).

(508) naekk [i i-taettae-n]

lSg [Dem 3MaSgS-eat.LoImpfP-Partpl.MaSg]

Ί who eat (regularly)'

Although 1st and 2nd pronouns require 1 as the clause-internal head, this

does not behave like the demonstrative 1 used in indefinite relatives (see

below). The accentual and ablaut modifications for definite relatives apply in

(508), hence -taett- rather than -tatt- for 'eat.LoImpfP', but not in indefinite

relatives.