9.1 Voice (valency) types of verbs 579b. ass-3Yraes-seY-\a-s-\t
Caus-slaughter.PerfP-lSgS-\Dat-3Sg-\3MaSgO
Ί made/had him slaughter it.' [K-d]c. 3ss-3rra2s-a2q-\q [e nt-ae-haele]
Caus-slaughter.PerfP-lSgS-\3MaSgO [Dat Fe-Sg-sheep]
Ί made/had him slaughter the sheep.' [K-d]Other intransitives with dative complement whose causatives were
checked were -vlkvm- 'help; follow', -vslu- 'listen to', and -vmmvY- 'look
for'. My data show that the complements remain in dative form for the first
two (617.a-b), but are direct objects with 'look for' (617.c-e). The partial
difference in causative syntax among these verbs may reflect such factors as
the semantic naturalness of the dative (rather low for 'slaughter'), and
neutralization of case-coded semantic distinctions for the input verb (transitive
'follow' versus intransitive-with-dative 'help' for -vllul-).
(617) a. ass-slkasm-aeY se-wadsm [e "t^-hatt-en]
Caus-follow.PerfP-lSgS Sg-human [Dat Fe-Pl-sheep-FePl]
Ί made/had someone follow the sheep.' [K-d]
b. ass-ssl-aer ae-sdhasY [y "'ae-lyad]
Caus-listen.to.PerfP-1 SgS Sg-song [Dat Sg-child]
Ί made/had the boy listen to the song.' [K-d]c. ass-s-amaeY-aeY asqq-er
Caus-Caus-seek.PerfP-1 SgS brother-1 SgPoss
t-a-Yd-t-t
Fe-Sg-goat-Fe-FeSg
Ί had/made my brother look for the goat.'d. ass-s-amseY-aeq-\q t-a-Ya-t-t
Caus-Caus-seek.PerfP-lSgS-\3MaSgO Fe-Sg-goat-Fe-FeSg
Ί made him look for the goat.'e. aes-s-amaeY-aeq-\qset aeqq-eY
Caus-Caus-seek.PerfP-lSgS-\3FeSgO brother-1 SgPoss
Ί made my brother look for it.'In (617.d) the agent of 'seek' (Y) is expressed as an object clitic on 'cause
to seek'. In (617.e), the object of 'seek' (Z) is expressed as an object clitic on
'cause to seek'.