A Grammar of Tamashek (Tuareg of Mali)

(Jeff_L) #1
10.4 Ordering of clitics 611

clitic is 1P1 Dative Aha-najr (T-ka variant of Aha-naer). This is the correct
location for pronominal clitics (object, dative). In (68l.b), we have an even
more complex sequence with cliticized preposition, dative pronominal, object
pronominal, and directional. For further detail on the relative ordering of
object and dative clitics when more than one is present, see (684) below.
Directional clitics follow pronominals. The two directionals (Centripetal
Asdd or -\idd, and Centrifugal -Yin) are semantically incompatible and do not
co-occur. Both directionals have marked accents, unlike other clitics (which
have at most default accents). In (681.a), Centrip Aadd appears at the end of
the second word, then again (redundantly) on the third word. A simpler
example is (682).

(682) osa-\0-hi-\dd
arrive.PerfP-\0-lSg-\Centrip
'He came to me.'

In (683.a), we see that a pronominal PP (here 3Sg locative Adsr-as) is
cliticized, but follows the directional, here Centrifugal -Yin. (683.b) shows
dative, then Centripetal, then pronominal PP. However, in (683.c), from a Κ
speaker, the PP precedes 3MaSgO clitic At, suggesting that the linear position
of pronominal PP's is not completely rigid cross-dialectally.

(683) a. t-3tiraekka2-t-\m-\d3Y-3s t-ett-annet
3FeSgS-fall.in.Reslt-AugACentrif-\in-3Sg Fe-eye-3SgPoss
'Her eye fell into it.'

b. aAtaenAin z-aens-aer
Fut-\3MaP10ACentrif Caus-be sold.Shlmpf-lSgS
aej-aevAa-sAsddAd-as
do. S hlmpf-1 SgS -\Dat-3Sg ACentrip AComit-3Sg
[saenat "t-a-msrw-en η ae-ril]
[two.Fe Fe-Pl-ten-FePl Poss Sg-span]
Ί will sell them, and do (=get) with it (=the proceeds) 20
spans (of fabric).' [K]

b. i-ll-\e lidi
3MaSgS-exist-\3MaSgO butter
aAdar-asAt n-aej vas
Foc-\in-3SgA3MaSgO lPlS-put.Shlmpf only
'But there is some butter; that [focus] is what we'll just put in
it (=food).' [K]

There is some flexibility in the relative ordering of object and dative
clitics when both are present. The impossibility of assigning strict slots by
function is shown by the fact that two dative clitics, or a sequence object-

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