A Grammar of Tamashek (Tuareg of Mali)

620 11 Discourse-functional particles and topicalization

(703) a. i-tdtt msesasku dar

3MaSgS-eat.LoImpfP sweet.potato also

'He eats sweet potato too (e.g. not just meat).'

b. 0-osae-\dd

3MaSgS-arrive.PerfP-\Centrip

l-qqael-\ad

1-jla

3MaSgS-go.PerfP

dar

3MaSgS-return.PerfP-\Centrip also also

'He came (here), went away, (and) came back here again.'

c. ajmar-asY e-zaekaen [naekk day]

be.in volved.Reslt-1 SgS Sg-cloth.tent [lSg also]

Ί too am involved in making a cloth tent.' [K]

11.3.4 'still'(har w-ά)

har w-ά 'until this-Ma' is a frozen expression meaning 'still', i.e.

'(continuously) until now'. In A-grm I heard this as haerwd, with shortened

first V, no longer transparently segmentable. For other senses of har w-ά, see

§11.3.5, below, and (795) in §13.1.1.4. For har 'until' see §13.1.1.5.

(704) har w-ά i-rhln

until Ma-Dem.Sg 3MaSgS-be.sick.Reslt

'He is still sick.' (= 'He is sick up to this time.')

11.3.5 'not yet' (har w-ά, saedder, and!)

There are two basic constructions for 'not yet'. The first is of the syntactic type
'not still', involving negation and har w-ά 'still' (see just above). The har w-ά
may be clause-initial or -final (705.a-b). The second construction also involves
a negation, but uses sasdder (dialectally saedden) '(not) yet' clause-finally
(705.c). The variation between saedder and saedden resembles that between
negative predicator wasdder and wasdden (633) (§9.5), though the dialectal
range of the rare variant ssedden is much more limited than than for the variant
wsedden.

(705) a. wser-\d 0-osa har w-ά
NegACentrip 3MaSg-arrive.PerfP until Ma-Dem.Sg
'He still hasn't arrived.' (= 'He hasn't arrived yet.')