The Astronomy Book

139 The Hertzsprung− Russell diagram shows the distribution of stars by absolute magnitude and spectral class. The diagram forme ...

140 See also: Supernovae 180–81 A ustrian-born physicist Victor Hess made a series of dangerous high-altitude ascents over easte ...

141 See also: Observing Uranus 84–85 ■ Refining star classification 138–39 ■ The life cycles of stars 178 ■ Energy generation 18 ...

ATOMS STARS AND GA LAXIES 1915 –1950 ...

ATOMS STARS AND GA LAXIES 1915 –1950 ...

144 D espite the vast difference in scale, atoms, stars, and galaxies share a property in common: each in its own size domain is ...

145 However, not all stars are quite so ordinary. White dwarfs, for example, are clearly extraordinarily dense. In the 1930s, th ...

TIME AND SPACE AND GRAVITATION HAVE NO SEPARATE EXISTENCE FROM MATTER THE THEORY OF RELATIVITY ...

TIME AND SPACE AND GRAVITATION HAVE NO SEPARATE EXISTENCE FROM MATTER THE THEORY OF RELATIVITY ...

148 A lbert Einstein’s general theory of relativity has been called the greatest act of thought about nature ever to take place ...

149 At the end of the 19th century, many believed that physicists had fully figured out the laws of the universe. All that was n ...

150 of distance per units of time. Therefore, the constancy of the speed of light must be due to an inconstancy in the flow of t ...

151 Therefore, according to special relativity, when matter moves, it becomes more massive. These mass increases can be measured ...

152 moves through spacetime, the time dimension dilates, and the space dimensions contract. From the point of view of Pat back a ...

153 of spacetime, a geodesic can be curved. So, starlight shining very close to the edge of the sun passes into the warp created ...

154 AN EXACT SOLUTION TO RELATIVITY PREDICTS BLACK HOLES CURVES IN SPACETIME IN CONTEXT KEY ASTRONOMER Karl Schwarzschild (1873– ...

ATOMS, STARS, AND GALAXIES 155 predicted a century before. The French astronomer Pierre-Simon Laplace had theorized corps obscur ...

THE SPIRAL NEBULAE ARE STELLAR SYSTEMS SPIRAL GALAXIES ...

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158 I n the 1780s and 1790s, British astronomer William Herschel cataloged large numbers of nebulae and speculated that some of ...