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1(}A.‘3\ LAW 15

'1‘RANSGRESS[Ol\'

OF

THELAW

No

rivalry

betweenleadersismorecelebratedinChinese

history

thanthe

struggle

between

Hsiang

YuandLiu

Pang.

Thesetwo

generalsbegan

their

careersas

friends,

fighting

onthesameside.

Hsiang

Yucamefromtheno-

bility;large

and

powerful,given

toboutsofviolenceand

temper,

abitdull-

witted,

he

was

yet

a

mighty

warriorwho

alwaysfought

attheheadofhis

troops.

Liu

Pang

camefrom

peasant

stock.Hehadneverbeenmuchofa

soldier,

and

preferred

womenandwineto

fighting;

in

fact,

hewassome

thing

ofascoundrel.Buthewas

wily,

andhehadthe

ability

to

recognize

the

best

strategists,keep

them

as

his

advisers,

andlisten

totheiradvice.

He

hadriseninthe

armythrough

these

strengths.

In 208

13.0.,

the

king

ofCh’usenttwomassivearmiesto

conquer

the

powerful

kingdom

ofCh’in.One

army

went

north,

underthe

generalship

of

Sung

Yi,

with

Hsiang

Yusecondin

command;

the

other,

led

by

Liu

Pang,

headed

straight

toward

Ch’in.The

target

wasthe

kingdom’ssplendid

capital,Hsien-yang.

And

Hsiang

Yu,

everviolent

and

impatient,

couldnot

standthe

ideathatLiu

Pang

would

get

to

Hsietryang

first,

and

perhaps

wouldassumecommandoftheentire

anny.

Atone

point

onthenorthern

front,

Hsiang’s

commander,

Sung

Yi,

hesitatedin

sending

his

troops

intobattle.

Furious,

Hsiang

entered

Sung

Yi’s

tent,

proclaimed

hima

traitor,

cutoff

his

head,

andassumedsolecom~

mandofthe

army.

Without

waiting

for

orders,

heleftthenorthernfront

andmarched

directly

on

Hsien—yang.

Hefeltcertainhewasthebettersol-

dierand

general

than

Liu,but,

tohisutter

astonishment,

his

rival,

leading

a

smaller,

swifter

army,managed

toreach

Hsien-yang

first.

Hsiang

hadan

adviser,

Fan

Tseng,

whowarned

him,

“This

village

headman

[Liu

Fang]

usedtobe

greedyonly

forrichesand

women,

butsince

entering

the

capital

hehasnotbeenled

astrayby

wealth,wine,

orsex.Thatshowsheis

aiming

high.”

Fan

TsengurgedHsiang

tokillhisrival

before

itwastoolate.Hetold

the

general

to

invitethe

wilypeasant

toa

banquet

at

their

camp

outside

Hsien-yang,

and,

inthemidstof

a

celebratory

sword

dance,

to

have

his

headoutoff.Theinvitationwas

sent;

Liufellforthe

trap,

andcametothe

banquet.

But

I-Isiang

hesitatedin

ordering

thesword

dance,

and

by

the

timehe

gave

the

signal,

Liuhadsenseda

trap,

and

managed

to

escape.

“Bah!”criedFan

Tseng

in

disgust,seeing

that

Hsiang

hadbotchedthe

plot.

“Onecannot

plan

with3.

simpleton.

Liu

Pang

willsteal

yourempireyet

andmakeusallhis

prisoners."

Realizing

his

mistake,

Hsianghurriedly

marchedon

Hsien-yang,

this

timedeterminedtohackoff

his

rival’shead.Liuwasnever

one

to

fight

whentheoddswere

against

him,

andhe

abandoned

the

city.Hsiangcap~

tured

Hsien-yang,

murderedthe

youngprince

of

Ch’in,

andburnedthe

city

tothe

ground.

Liuwasnow

Hsiang’s

bitter

enemy,

andhe

pursued

himfor

many

months,

finallycornering

himinawalled

city.Lacking

food,

his

army

in

disarray,

Liusuedfor

peace.

Again

Fan

Tseng

wamed

Hsiang,

“Crush

himnow!If

you

let

him

go