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PHP Objects, Patterns and Practice (3rd edition)

(Barry) #1

■ CONTENTS



  • Part 1: Introduction............................................................................................................................. ■Introduction to the Third Edition xx

  • ■Chapter 1: PHP: Design and Management .......................................................................................

  • Part 2: Objects ....................................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 2: PHP and Objects ...........................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 3: Object Basics ...............................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 4: Advanced Features.......................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 5: Object Tools..................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 6: Objects and Design ......................................................................................................

  • Part 3: Patterns...............................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 7: What Are Design Patterns? Why Use Them? ..............................................................

  • ■Chapter 8: Some Pattern Principles ............................................................................................1

  • ■Chapter 9: Generating Objects .....................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 10: Patterns for Flexible Object Programming...............................................................

  • ■Chapter 11: Performing and Representing Tasks........................................................................

  • ■Chapter 12: Enterprise Patterns ..................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 13: Database Patterns....................................................................................................

  • Part 4: Practice ...............................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 14: Good (and Bad) Practice ..........................................................................................31

  • ■Chapter 15: An Introduction to PEAR and Pyrus..........................................................................

  • ■Chapter 16: Generating Documentation with phpDocumentor ....................................................

  • ■Chapter 17: Version Control with Subversion..............................................................................

  • ■Chapter 18: Testing with PHPUnit................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 19: Automated Build with Phing ....................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 20: Continuous Integration.............................................................................................

  • Part 5: Conclusion...........................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 21: Objects, Patterns, Practice ......................................................................................45

  • ■Appendix A: Bibliography ............................................................................................................

  • ■Appendix B: A Simple Parser.......................................................................................................

  • ■Index............................................................................................................................................

  • Change Embraced: PHP 5 .................................................................................................................... vi

  • Into the Future

  • Advocacy and Agnosticism: The Object Debate............................................................

  • Summary.......................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 3: Object Basics .....................................................................................

  • Classes and Objects......................................................................................................

  • A First Class .........................................................................................................................................

  • A First Object (or Two) .........................................................................................................................

  • Setting Properties in a Class........................................................................................

  • Working with Methods

  • Creating a Constructor Method ............................................................................................................

  • Arguments and Types

  • Primitive Types

  • Taking the Hint: Object Types ..............................................................................................................

  • Inheritance

  • The Inheritance Problem ......................................................................................................................

  • Working with Inheritance .....................................................................................................................

  • Public, Private, and Protected: Managing Access to Your Classes ......................................................

  • Summary.......................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 4: Advanced Features ............................................................................

  • Static Methods and Properties......................................................................................

  • Constant Properties

  • Abstract Classes

  • Interfaces

  • Late Static Bindings: The static Keyword..................................................................

  • Handling Errors

  • Exceptions............................................................................................................................................

  • Final Classes and Methods

  • Working with Interceptors

  • Defining Destructor Methods

  • Copying Objects with __clone() vii

  • Defining String Values for Your Objects

  • Callbacks, Anonymous Functions and Closures

  • Summary.......................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 5: Object Tools .......................................................................................

  • PHP and Packages

  • PHP Packages and Namespaces..........................................................................................................

  • Autoload ...............................................................................................................................................

  • The Class and Object Functions....................................................................................

  • Looking for Classes..............................................................................................................................

  • Learning About an Object or Class

  • Learning About Methods ......................................................................................................................

  • Learning About Properties ...................................................................................................................

  • Learning About Inheritance ..................................................................................................................

  • Method Invocation................................................................................................................................

  • The Reflection API

  • Getting Started

  • Time to Roll Up Your Sleeves ...............................................................................................................

  • Examining a Class ..............................................................................................................................

  • Examining Methods..............................................................................................................................

  • Examining Method Arguments .............................................................................................................

  • Using the Reflection API.......................................................................................................................

  • Summary.......................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 6: Objects and Design ............................................................................

  • Defining Code Design....................................................................................................

  • Object-Oriented and Procedural Programming...........................................................

  • Responsibility.....................................................................................................................................

  • Cohesion ............................................................................................................................................

  • Coupling .............................................................................................................................................

  • Orthogonality......................................................................................................................................

  • Choosing Your Classes................................................................................................

  • Polymorphism viii

  • Encapsulation

  • Forget How to Do It

  • Four Signposts

  • Code Duplication ................................................................................................................................

  • The Class Who Knew Too Much .........................................................................................................

  • The Jack of All Trades........................................................................................................................

  • Conditional Statements ......................................................................................................................

  • The UML

  • Class Diagrams

  • Sequence Diagrams ...........................................................................................................................

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • Part 3: Patterns ....................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 7: What Are Design Patterns? Why Use Them?....................................

  • What Are Design Patterns?

  • A Design Pattern Overview

  • Name..................................................................................................................................................

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • The Solution .......................................................................................................................................

  • Consequences....................................................................................................................................

  • The Gang of Four Format

  • Why Use Design Patterns?

  • A Design Pattern Defines a Problem

  • A Design Pattern Defines a Solution

  • Design Patterns Are Language Independent......................................................................................1

  • Patterns Define a Vocabulary.............................................................................................................

  • Patterns Are Tried and Tested ...........................................................................................................

  • Patterns Are Designed for Collaboration ............................................................................................

  • Design Patterns Promote Good Design ..............................................................................................

  • PHP and Design Patterns

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 8: Some Pattern Principles .................................................................. ix

  • The Pattern Revelation................................................................................................

  • Composition and Inheritance

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Using Composition .............................................................................................................................

  • Decoupling

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Loosening Your Coupling ...................................................................................................................

  • Code to an Interface, Not to an Implementation

  • The Concept That Varies

  • Patternitis....................................................................................................................

  • The Patterns................................................................................................................

  • Patterns for Generating Objects .........................................................................................................

  • Patterns for Organizing Objects and Classes .....................................................................................

  • Task-Oriented Patterns ......................................................................................................................

  • Enterprise Patterns ............................................................................................................................

  • Database Patterns..............................................................................................................................

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 9: Generating Objects ..........................................................................

  • Problems and Solutions in Generating Objects...........................................................

  • The Singleton Pattern

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Consequences....................................................................................................................................

  • Factory Method Pattern

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Consequences....................................................................................................................................

  • Abstract Factory Pattern

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Consequences.................................................................................................................................... x

  • Prototype............................................................................................................................................

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • But That’s Cheating!

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 10: Patterns for Flexible Object Programming ....................................

  • Structuring Classes to Allow Flexible Objects.............................................................

  • The Composite Pattern................................................................................................

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Consequences....................................................................................................................................

  • Composite in Summary ......................................................................................................................

  • The Decorator Pattern

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Consequences....................................................................................................................................

  • The Facade Pattern

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Consequences....................................................................................................................................

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 11: Performing and Representing Tasks .............................................

  • The Interpreter Pattern................................................................................................

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Interpreter Issues ...............................................................................................................................

  • The Strategy Pattern

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • The Observer Pattern

  • Implementation xi

  • The Visitor Pattern

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Visitor Issues......................................................................................................................................

  • The Command Pattern

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 12: Enterprise Patterns........................................................................

  • Architecture Overview.................................................................................................

  • The Patterns.......................................................................................................................................

  • Applications and Layers .....................................................................................................................

  • Cheating Before We Start............................................................................................

  • Registry ..............................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • The Presentation Layer

  • Front Controller

  • Application Controller.........................................................................................................................

  • Page Controller

  • Template View and View Helper ........................................................................................................

  • The Business Logic Layer

  • Transaction Script ..............................................................................................................................

  • Domain Model

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 13: Database Patterns .........................................................................

  • The Data Layer

  • Data Mapper

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Consequences....................................................................................................................................

  • Identity Map xii

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Consequences....................................................................................................................................

  • Unit of Work

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Consequences....................................................................................................................................

  • Lazy Load ...........................................................................................................................................

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Consequences....................................................................................................................................

  • Domain Object Factory................................................................................................

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Consequences....................................................................................................................................

  • The Identity Object

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Consequences....................................................................................................................................

  • The Selection Factory and Update Factory Patterns

  • The Problem .......................................................................................................................................

  • Implementation

  • Consequences....................................................................................................................................

  • What’s Left of Data Mapper Now?

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • Part 4: Practice ....................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 14: Good (and Bad) Practice ................................................................

  • Beyond Code

  • Borrowing a Wheel

  • Playing Nice

  • Giving Your Code Wings xiii

  • Documentation............................................................................................................

  • Testing

  • Continuous Integration................................................................................................

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 15: An Introduction to PEAR and Pyrus ...............................................

  • What Is PEAR?.............................................................................................................

  • Phar Out with Pyrus

  • Installing a Package

  • PEAR Channels...................................................................................................................................

  • Using a PEAR Package................................................................................................

  • Handling PEAR Errors.........................................................................................................................

  • Creating Your Own PEAR Package

  • package.xml.......................................................................................................................................

  • Package Elements..............................................................................................................................

  • The contents Element .....................................................................................................................33

  • Dependencies

  • Tweaking Installation with phprelease...........................................................................................

  • Preparing a Package for Shipment ....................................................................................................

  • Setting Up Your Own Channel ............................................................................................................

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 16: Generating Documentation with phpDocumentor..........................

  • Why Document?

  • Installation

  • Generating Documentation

  • DocBlock Comments

  • Documenting Classes

  • File-Level Documentation

  • Documenting Properties

  • Documenting Methods

  • Creating Links in Documentation xiv

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 17: Version Control with Subversion ...................................................

  • Why Use Version Control?

  • Getting Subversion......................................................................................................

  • Configuring a Subversion Repository..........................................................................

  • Creating a Repository.........................................................................................................................

  • Beginning a Project.....................................................................................................

  • Updating and Committing

  • Adding and Removing Files and Directories

  • Adding a File ......................................................................................................................................

  • Removing a File

  • Adding a Directory .............................................................................................................................

  • Removing Directories.........................................................................................................................

  • Tagging and Exporting a Release

  • Tagging a Project ...............................................................................................................................

  • Exporting a Project.............................................................................................................................

  • Branching a Project.....................................................................................................

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 18: Testing with PHPUnit .....................................................................

  • Functional Tests and Unit Tests

  • Testing by Hand

  • Introducing PHPUnit

  • Creating a Test Case ..........................................................................................................................

  • Assertion Methods .............................................................................................................................

  • Testing Exceptions .............................................................................................................................

  • Running Test Suites ...........................................................................................................................

  • Constraints .........................................................................................................................................

  • Mocks and Stubs ...............................................................................................................................

  • Tests Succeed When They Fail ..........................................................................................................

  • Writing Web Tests xv

  • Refactoring a Web Application for Testing.........................................................................................

  • Simple Web Testing ...........................................................................................................................

  • Introducing Selenium .........................................................................................................................

  • A Note of Caution

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 19: Automated Build with Phing ..........................................................

  • What Is Phing?

  • Getting and Installing Phing

  • Composing the Build Document..................................................................................

  • Targets ...............................................................................................................................................

  • Properties...........................................................................................................................................

  • Types..................................................................................................................................................

  • Tasks..................................................................................................................................................

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 20: Continuous Integration ..................................................................

  • What Is Continuous Integration?

  • Preparing a Project for CI ...................................................................................................................

  • CruiseControl and phpUnderControl............................................................................

  • Installing CruiseControl ......................................................................................................................

  • Installing phpUnderControl.................................................................................................................

  • Installing Your Project ........................................................................................................................

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • Part 5: Conclusion ................................................................................................

  • ■Chapter 21: Objects, Patterns, Practice ............................................................

  • Objects

  • Choice ................................................................................................................................................

  • Encapsulation and Delegation............................................................................................................

  • Decoupling .........................................................................................................................................

  • Reusability .........................................................................................................................................

  • Aesthetics ..........................................................................................................................................

  • Patterns....................................................................................................................... xvi

  • What Patterns Buy Us ........................................................................................................................

  • Patterns and Principles of Design ......................................................................................................

  • Practice

  • Testing ...............................................................................................................................................

  • Documentation...................................................................................................................................

  • Version Control...................................................................................................................................

  • Automated Build.................................................................................................................................

  • Continuous Integration .......................................................................................................................

  • What I Missed

  • Summary.....................................................................................................................

  • ■Appendix A: Bibliography..................................................................................

  • Books

  • Articles

  • Sites

  • ■Appendix B: A Simple Parser ............................................................................

  • The Scanner

  • The Parser...................................................................................................................

  • ■Index .................................................................................................................

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