homeland with an area of the Eurasian steppe that borders the Ural River on the west
and the Tian Shan on the east.
The Indo-Iranian migrations took place in two waves.[35][36] The first wave consisted of
the Indo-Aryan migration through the Bactria-Margiana Culture, also called "Bactria-
Margiana Archaeological Complex," into the Levant, founding the Mittani kingdom; and a
migration south-eastward of the Vedic people, over the Hindu Kush into northern
India.[37] The Indo-Aryans split off around 1800–1600 BC from the Iranians,[38] whereafter
they were defeated and split into two groups by the Iranians,[39] who dominated the
Central Eurasian steppe zone[40] and "chased [the Indo-Aryans] to the extremities of
Central Eurasia."[40] One group were the Indo-Aryans who founded the Mitanni kingdom
in northern Syria;[41] (c. 1500 – c. 1300 BC) the other group were the Vedic
people.[42] Christopher I. Beckwith suggests that the Wusun, an Indo-
European Caucasian people of Inner Asia in antiquity, were also of Indo-Aryan origin.[43]
The second wave is interpreted as the Iranian wave,[44] and took place in the third stage
of the Indo-European migrations[37] from 800 BC onwards.
Sintashta–Petrovka culture
Main article: Sintashta culture
According to Allentoft (2015), the Sintashta
culture probably derived from the Corded Ware culture.
The Sintashta culture, also known as the Sintashta–Petrovka culture[45] or Sintashta–
Arkaim culture,[46] is a Bronze Age archaeological culture of the northern Eurasian
steppe on the borders of Eastern Europe and Central Asia, dated to the period 2100–