Liu Shiyong, 10
Liu Xiaomeng, 67
Liu Zao劉藻( 1701 – 1766 ), 179
liubi流弊, 237
liumin流民, 245
liuyu流寓, 196
livestock, 2 , 12 , 14 , 70 , 76 , 79 , 108 , 117 ,
121 , 130 , 151 , 152 , 170 , 209 , 239 ,
240 , 256 , 266 , 272
camels, 123 , 124 , 156
cattle, 89 , 122 , 123 , 132 – 35 passim, 137 ,
138 , 142 , 153 , 155
chickens, 243
cows (Ma:uniyen), 123 , 142
as disaster relief, 5 , 129 – 39 passim
herds, 5 , 14 , 120 – 27 , 131 , 134 , 138 , 163
management, 121 – 27 , 222 , 236
milkand, 140 – 44
mortality, 123 – 27 passim, 134 , 136 ,
148 – 49 , 163 , 269
personal property (Ma:hethe ulha), 135 ,
156
pigs, 243
in poetry, 46 , 47
penalty, 120 , 131 , 132
salt and, 154 – 57
sheep, 10 , 122 – 26 , 131 – 38 passim, 142 ,
153 , 155
six domesticates, the (liu chu六畜), 273
Livingstone, Frank B., 196 – 97
locusts, 21 – 22 , 42
controlby ducks, chickens, frog or
swallows, 42 , 54
cult, 42
Longchuan龍川, 198 , 248
Longling龍陵, 203 – 05 , 225
Lubsang Darja (fl. 1732 ), 139 , 238
Lü Liuliang呂留良( 1629 – 83 ), 25 , 32 , 36
Lujiang潞江, 198 , 263
Lujiang River潞江, 205
Lukuishan魯魁山, 204
Luo Kanglong, 10
Luohei倮黑(Wa佤族), 173 , 187 , 250
Luoyang, 29
macroregions, 19 , 220 , 244 – 246 , 254
Malaria (zhangqi瘴氣;Ma:indehen), 2 1 , 17 ,
175 – 76 , 189 , 201 , 205 , 249 , 273
differential resistance to, 14 , 170 – 78
passim, 183 , 195 , 197 , 208 , 215 ,
272 – 73
asehe sukdun, 192 , 194 , 202 , 270
falciparum, 190 , 192 , 194
imperial indigenism and, 169 – 71 , 178 – 81
passim, 186 , 190 , 200 – 1 , 206 , 209 ,
251
mortality rates, 197
opium smoking and, 195
spatial distribution of, 183 , 196 ,
198 – 204 , 245
vectors (mosquitos,plasmodiumblood
parasites), 2 , 5 , 14 , 16 , 17 , 169 – 76
passim, 190 – 96 passim, 201 , 204 ,
205 , 210 , 214 , 216 , 221 , 248 , 272
yanzhang煙瘴and, 189 , 191 , 192 , 198
zhangqiand, 169 , 190 – 4 , 210
Man蠻, 28 , 30 , 38 , 195
Manchu
agriculture, 46 – 9 passim, 229 – 31
cavalry, 148 , 206
cultural significance, 7
cultured nature, 100 – 6
diaspora, 7 , 66 , 74 , 159 , 177 – 78
sources, 15 , 159 , 163 , 167 , 192
Manchuria, 13 , 68 , 70 , 74 , 75 , 77 , 78 , 83 ,
96 , 105 , 113 , 128 , 197 , 209 , 253 ,
271 – 273
ecologyof, 72 , 77 , 84 , 114 , 229 – 30
demographic issues, 12 , 39 , 105
Hanspace and, 37 – 8
identity formation in, 63 – 4 , 66 , 68 ,
88 – 89 , 105 – 106 , 135 , 228 – 9 , 233
inter-regional comparisons, 2 , 12 , 45 ,
142 , 159 , 170 , 197 – 98 , 208 , 232 ,
269
Mang莽, 213
Mangshi芒市, 196 , 198 , 203 , 224
manyan蠻煙, 195
Marks,Robert B., 9 , 43 , 254 , 258
marmots (Marmota sibirica), 271
marten (mishu蜜鼠; Ma:harsa), 67 , 105 ,
106 , 112
McNeill, John Robert, 175 – 76
Mekong River (Lancang瀾滄河, Jiulong九
龍河), 172 , 187 – 189 , 200 – 202 , 207 ,
251
Mengding孟定, 198 , 248
Menggu yishi蒙古醫士, 123
Menglian (Muong Laem)孟連, 204 , 216 ,
247 , 250
Mengmao (Muong Mao)孟卯, 198 , 248
Mengmeng孟孟, 198 , 201 , 250