The Science Book

FUNDAMENTAL BUILDING BLOCKS 319 had found the first evidence that DNA could pass horizontally between cells of the same generati ...

320 THE SOCCER BALL CAN WITHSTAND A LOT OF PRESSURE HARRY KROTO (1939–) F or more than two centuries, scientists thought that el ...

321 See also: August Kekulé 160–65 ■ Linus Pauling 254–59 FUNDAMENTAL BUILDING BLOCKS atoms, each bonded to three others in such ...

322 INSERT GENES INTO HUMANS TO CURE DISEASE WILLIAM FRENCH ANDERSON (1936–) T he human genome—the entirety of a human’s heredit ...

FUNDAMENTAL BUILDING BLOCKS 323 Introducing new genes Genes can be introduced into diseased parts of the body by a vector—a part ...

324 DESIGNING NEW LIFE FORMS ON A COMPUTER SCREEN CRAIG VENTER (1946–) I n May 2010, an American team of scientists led by biolo ...

325 See also: Gregor Mendel 166–71 ■ Thomas Hunt Morgan 224–25 ■ Barbara McClintock 271 ■ James Watson and Francis Crick 276–83 ...

326 See also: Gregor Mendel 166–71 ■ Thomas Hunt Morgan 224–25 ■ James Watson and Francis Crick 276–83 C loning is the productio ...

327 See also: Nicolaus Copernicus 34–39 ■ William Herschel 86–87 ■ Christian Doppler 127 ■ Edwin Hubble 236–41 A stronomers have ...

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330 PYTHAGORAS c.570–495 BCE Little is known for certain about the life of the Greek mathematician Pythagoras, who did not leave ...

DIRECTORY 331 BRAHMAGUPTA 598–670 The Indian mathematician and astronomer Brahmagupta introduced the concept of zero into the nu ...

332 MARIN MERSENNE 1588–1648 The French monk Marin Mersenne is best remembered today for his work on prime numbers, showing that ...

DIRECTORY 333 must exchange some of its pressure for kinetic energy in order not to violate the principle of the conservation of ...

334 ANDRÉ-MARIE AMPÈRE 1775–1836 Upon hearing of Hans Christian Ørsted’s accidental discovery of the link between electricity an ...

DIRECTORY 335 CLAUDE BERNARD 1813–1878 French physiologist Claude Bernard was a pioneer in experimental medicine. He was the fir ...

336 ÉDOUARD BRANLY 1844–1940 A physics professor at the Paris Catholic Institute, Édouard Branly was a pioneer in wireless teleg ...

DIRECTORY 337 citizen in 1939. He was awarded a Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on quantum mechanics in 1954. See also: Erwi ...

338 FREDERICK SANGER 1918–2013 British biochemist Frederick Sanger is one of four scientists to have won two Nobel prizes, both ...