ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Dorling Kindersley would like to thank Smita Mathur,
Riji Raju, and Nonita Saha for editorial assistance,
and Hansa Babra for design assistance.PICTURE CREDITS
The publisher would like to thank the following for their
kind permission to reproduce their photographs:
(Key: a-above; b-below/bottom; c-center; f-far; l-left;
r-right; t-top)
22 The Metropolitan Museum of Art: Gift of
J. Pierpont Morgan, 1917 (bc). 23 Getty Images:
DeAgostini (br); Universal History Archive (tl). 24 Alamy
Stock Photo: Music-Images (cr). 25 Getty Images:
DEA / Veneranda Bilblioteca Ambrosiana /
De Agostini (tr). 26 Getty Images: Fine Art Images /
Heritage Images (cr). 27 Wellcome Images http://
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/: William
Marshall (tr). 29 Alamy Stock Photo: Steve Hamblin
(tl). Getty Images: Imagno (br). 30 Alamy Stock
Photo: Paul Fearn (tr). 31 Alamy Stock Photo: Paul
Fearn (br). 33 Lebrecht Music and Arts: culture-
images (tl). 34 Getty Images: Prisma / UIG (bl). 36
Alamy Stock Photo: Lebrecht Music and Arts Photo
Library (crb). 37 Alamy Stock Photo: Music-Images
(tr). 42 Alamy Stock Photo: Granger Historical Picture
Archive (crb). 44 Alamy Stock Photo: Music-Images
(cb). 45 Alamy Stock Photo: James Hadley (bl). 48
Getty Images: DeAgostini (bl). 49 Alamy Stock
Photo: Marka (tr). 51 Alamy Stock Photo: Artokoloro
Quint Lox Limited (b). 52 Getty Images: Culture Club
(br). 53 Getty Images: Mansell / The LIFE Picture
Collection (tr). 55 Getty Images: Fine Art Images /
Heritage Images (cb). 57 Getty Images: Leemage /
Corbis (tl). SuperStock: A. Burkatovski / Fine Art Images
(bl). 62 Alamy Stock Photo: Art Collection 2 (cr).
63 Getty Images: DEA Picture Library (tr). 66
iStockphoto.com: Clodio (br). 67 Getty Images:
Imagno (tr). 68 Getty Images: DeAgostin (bl). The
Metropolitan Museum of Art: Bequest of Gwynne M.
Andrews, 1931 (tc). 69 Alamy Stock Photo: Granger
Historical Picture Archive (bl). 71 akg-images: (t).
The Metropolitan Museum of Art: Harris Brisbane
Dick Fund, 1917 (cb). 74 Alamy Stock Photo: 19th era
(tr). 75 Alamy Stock Photo: Lebrecht Music and Arts
Photo Library (tr). Getty Images: DEA / Veneranda
Biblioteca Ambrosiana / De Agostini (bl). 76 Getty
Images: Historical Picture Archive / Corbis (tl). 77
Alamy Stock Photo: Lanmas (bl). 79 akg-images: (t).
80 Alamy Stock Photo: AM Stock (br). 81 Getty
Images: DeAgostini (tr). 83 Getty Images: DEA / G.
Dagli Oorti / De Agostini (bl); Leemage / Corbis (tr). 86
Getty Images: DEA / G. Dagli Oorti / De Agostini (bl).
87 Getty Images: Bettmann (t). 88 Alamy Stock
Photo: Chronicle (bl). 89 Getty Images: Angelo Hornak
/ Corbis (br). 90 Alamy Stock Photo: Artokoloro Quint
Lox Limited (br). 91 Getty Images: De Agostini / A.
Dagli Orti (tr). 94 Getty Images: DEA / A. Dagli Orti /
De Agostini (tr). 95 Getty Images: Stefano Bianchetti /
Corbis (bl). 96 Alamy Stock Photo: Music-Images (tr).
Getty Images: Adam Berry / Redferns (bl). 100 Getty
Images: Fine Art Images / Heritage Images (br). 101
Getty Images: DeAgostini (tr). 103 Getty Images:
Stefano Bianchetti / Corbis (br). 104 Alamy Stock
Photo: DPA picture alliance (b). 105 Getty Images:
DEA Picture Library / De Agostini (tr). 107 Getty
Images: Eric Cabanis / AFP (cr). 109 Alamy Stock
Photo: LOOK Die Bildagentur der Fotografen GmbH
(br); Music-Images (tr). 111 Getty Images: Gordon
Parks / The LIFE Picture Collection (bl). 116 Getty
Images: Imagno (cr). 117 Alamy Stock Photo:
Paul Fearn (tr). 119 Getty Images: Imagno (bl, tr).120 Alamy Stock Photo: Science History Images (cb).
124 Getty Images: De Agostini / A. Dagli Orti (bl). 125
Getty Images: Imagno (tr). 127 Getty Images: DEA /
A. Dagli Orti / De Agostini (bl). 129 Getty Images:
DeAgostini (bl); Imagno (tr). 130 Getty Images: De
Agostini Picture Library (tr); DEA / A. Dagli Orti / De
Agostini (bl). 132 Alamy Stock Photo: Music-Images
(br). 133 Getty Images: De Agostini / A. Dagli Orti (tr).
135 Alamy Stock Photo: Westend61 GmbH (t). 136
Alamy Stock Photo: Interfoto (tl). 137 Rex
Shutterstock: Alfredo Dagli Orti (tr). 139 Alamy Stock
Photo: GL Archive (cb). Library of Congress, Washington,
D.C.: LC-USZC4-9589 (tr). 140 Getty Images: Imagno
(tl). 141 Rex Shutterstock: Gianni Dagli Orti (br). 147
Alamy Stock Photo: Chronicle (tr). Getty Images: De
Agostini Picture Library (bl). 149 Alamy Stock Photo:
Music-Images (c). 152 Getty Images: DeAgostini (b).
153 Alamy Stock Photo: North Wind Picture Archives
(tr). 154 Alamy Stock Photo: Lebrecht Music and Arts
Photo Library (bl). 155 Alamy Stock Photo:
Music-Images (br). 158 Alamy Stock Photo: Granger
Historical Picture Archive (tr). 161 123RF.com: Mikhail
Markovskiy (b). 163 Alamy Stock Photo: Granger
Historical Picture Archive (bl). Getty Images: Pierre
Petit / Hulton Archive (tr). 164 Getty Images: Fine Art
Photographic Library / CORBIS (br). 165 Getty Images:
DeAgostini (tr). 167 Getty Images: Universal History
Archive (bl); Roger Viollet Collection (tr). 169 Getty
Images: DeAgostini (br). 171 Alamy Stock Photo:
Paul Fearn (tr). Getty Images: SSPL (tl). 172 Alamy
Stock Photo: Music-Images (bl). 173 Getty Images:
Mansell / The LIFE Picture Collection (br). 174 Getty
Images: Bertrand Langlois / AFP (cr). 175 Getty
Images: De Agostini Picture Library (bl). 176 Alamy
Stock Photo: Paul Fearn (c). 177 Getty Images:
Imagno (br). Rex Shutterstock: Alfredo Dagli Orti (ca).
178 Dreamstime.com: Ershamstar (br). 182 Getty
Images: Fine Art Images / Heritage Images (tr). 183
Alamy Stock Photo: North Wind Picture Archives (bl).
185 Alamy Stock Photo: Granger Historical Picture
Archive (tl). Getty Images: DeAgostini (br).
186 Rex Shutterstock: John Alex Maguire (tr). 188
Getty Images: DeAgostini (br). 189 Getty Images:
DEA / A. Dagli Orti / De Agostini (cla). 191 Getty
Images: Ole Jensen - Corbis (bl); Universal History
Archive / UIG (tr). 192 Alamy Stock Photo: Prisma
Archivo (bc). 193 Getty Images: DEA / A. Dagli Orti /
De Agostini (cb). Library of Congress, Washington,
D.C.: LC-B2- 3747-11 [P&P] (tr). 195 Alamy Stock
Photo: Chronicle (tr). Getty Images: Culture Club (bl).
196 Alamy Stock Photo: Lebrecht Music and Arts
Photo Library (bl). Getty Images: Christophel Fine Art /
UIG (t). 199 Getty Images: Culture Club (tl); Fine Art
Images / Heritage Images (tr). 201 Getty Images:
Imagno (br). 207 Alamy Stock Photo: World History
Archive (crb). 208 Alamy Stock Photo: Granger
Historical Picture Archive (cr). 209 Getty Images: DEA
/ A. Dagli Orti / De Agostini (tr). 210 Alamy Stock
Photo: Music-Images (cr). 211 Getty Images: The Print
Collector (tr). 213 Alamy Stock Photo: Music-Images
(tl, tr). 214 Alamy Stock Photo: Granger Historical
Picture Archive (bl). 215 NASA: (tl). 217 Alamy Stock
Photo: The Granger Collection (tr). Getty Images:
Robert W. Kelley / The LIFE Images Collection (bl).
219 Alamy Stock Photo: Chronicle (bl). 220 Getty
Images: Alex Robinson / AWL Images Ltd (br). 221
Getty Images: Hulton-Deutsch Collection / CORBIS (tr).
223 Getty Images: PHAS / UIG (cr). 229 Getty
Images: Fine Art Images / Heritage Images (tr, bl).
230 Alamy Stock Photo: Vibrant Pictures (br). Getty
Images: DEA / G. Dagli Oorti / De Agostini (tl). 234
Alamy Stock Photo: Music-Images (bl). 235 Alamy
Stock Photo: Paul Fearn (cr). Getty Images: HultonArchive (bl). 236 Getty Images: Universal History
Archive (t). 238 Alamy Stock Photo: Chris Fredriksson
(bl); Heritage Image Partnership Ltd (tc). 239 Getty
Images: Robbie Jack / Corbis (b). 242 Getty Images:
PhotoQuest (br). 243 Getty Images: Imagno (tr). 244
Alamy Stock Photo: Lebrecht Music and Arts Photo
Library (bl). 245 Getty Images: Imagno (tl). 248 Alamy
Stock Photo: Heritage Image Partnership Ltd (bl). 249
Alamy Stock Photo: Music-Images (tl). 251 Alamy
Stock Photo: Granger Historical Picture Archive (tl).
Getty Images: Apic (br). 252 Getty Images: Universal
History Archive / UIG (br). 253 Alamy Stock Photo:
Music-Images (tr). 255 Getty Images: Bettmann (bl, tr).
256 Getty Images: DEA / A. Dagli Orti / De Agostini
(bc). 257 SuperStock: Fototeca Gilardi / Marka (tr).
259 Alamy Stock Photo: Everett Collection, Inc. (tl);
Granger Historical Picture Archive (br). 261 Alamy
Stock Photo: Music-Images (tr). Getty Images:
George Karger / Pix Inc. / The LIFE Images Collection (tl).
262 Getty Images: Fine Art Images / Heritage Images
(crb). 264 Getty Images: DEA / A. Dagli Orti / De
Agostini (bc). 265 Alamy Stock Photo: Granger
Historical Picture Archive (br). 267 Getty Images:
Hiroyuki Ito (tr); Albert Harlingue / Roger Viollet (bl).
269 Getty Images: Fred Stein Archive / Archive Photos
(tr); Ken Hively / Los Angeles Times (bl). 270 Getty
Images: DEA / A. Dagli Orti / De Agostini (br). 271
Getty Images: Bettmann (tr). 273 Alamy Stock
Photo: Michele Burgess (cr). 276 Getty Images: Fine
Art Images / Heritage Images (tr). 277 Alamy Stock
Photo: Music-Images (tr). 278 Getty Images: Fine Art
Images / Heritage Images (tr); Frans Schellekens /
Redferns (bl). 281 Getty Images: Hiroyuki Ito (tr); Time
Life Pictures / Pix Inc. / The LIFE Picture Collection (bl).
283 Getty Images: Erich Auerbach / Hulton Archive
(tr); Hulton Archive (bl). 284 Lebrecht Music and Arts:
Tristram Kenton (cr). 285 Getty Images: Hulton-
Deutsch Collection / Corbis (bl). 287 Getty Images:
Mary Delaney Cooke / Corbis / Martha Graham in
“Appalachian Spring” Choreographed by Martha Graham
/ Martha Graham Dance Company (tl); Leonard M.
DeLessio / Corbis (tr). 290 Getty Images: Geography
Photos / UIG (tr). 291 Alamy Stock Photo: Everett
Collection Inc (tr). Getty Images: Hulton-Deutsch
Collection / Corbis (cb). 293 Alamy Stock Photo: Stan
Pritchard (tr). Getty Images: Kurt Hutton / Picture Post /
Hulton Archive (bl). 299 Getty Images: Maurice
Lecardent / INA (ca). 300 Getty Images: George Konig
/ Keystone Features (tl). 301 Getty Images: Donaldson
Collection / Michael Ochs Archives (bl). 303 Alamy
Stock Photo: Pierre Brye (tl); Granger Historical Picture
Archive (tr). 304 Alamy Stock Photo: Science History
Images (bl). 307 Alamy Stock Photo: Interfoto (cb).
TopFoto.co.uk: Sisi Burn / ArenaPAL (tr). 309 Alamy
Stock Photo: ITAR-TASS News Agency (crb). 310
Alamy Stock Photo: Lucas Vallecillos (br). 311 Alamy
Stock Photo: DPA Picture Alliance (tr). 313 Alamy
Stock Photo: Philippe Gras (tr). Getty Images: Jack
Vartoogian (bl). 314 Getty Images: Hiroyuki Ito (bc).
315 Getty Images: Jack Mitchell (tr). 316 Getty
Images: Claude James / INA (cr). 317 Rex
Shutterstock: Camilla Morandi (tr). 318 Getty
Images: Photo 12 / UIG (bc). 319 Getty Images:
Eamonn McCabe / Redferns (tr). 320 Getty Images:
Nancy R. Schiff / Hulton Archive (crb). 322 Alamy
Stock Photo: Artokoloro Quint Lox Limited (crb). 325
Getty Images: Raphael Gaillarde / Gamma-Rapho (cr).
327 Lawdon Press: J. Henry Fair (bl). 329 Rex
Shutterstock: Rob Scott (br)
All other images © Dorling Kindersley
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