130 Nora C. England
Adjectives are derived from transitive and intransitive verbs, nouns, positional,
and other adjectives. Derivations include:
- «:^6 transitive participle.
(13) -iiq' 'carry' iiq'an 'carried'
-jaq 'open jaqo'n 'opened'
-tx'eem 'cut' tx'ee'man 'cut'
-na: intransitive participle.
(14) -tooq 'break' toqna 'broken'
-kyim 'die' kyimna 'dead'
-/ ~ -ch: positional adjective. This form is only used predicatively, never attribu-
tively.
(15) tutz'- 'seated' tutz'l 'seated'
koxh- 'lying down' koxhl 'lying down
mol- 'crouched' molch 'crouched'
-b'aajal:^7 derives adjectives from transitive verbs and positional with the mean-
ing 'easily doable'.
(16) -b'iinch (v) 'do' b'inchb'aajal 'doable, easy to do'
tutz'- (p) 'seated' tutz'b'aajal 'easy to seat'
-VjCj VL V^n:^8 derives adjectives from transitive verbs with the meaning '(easily) able
to be done'.
(17) -tooq 'break' toqoqoon 'breakable'
-mool 'burn mololoon easily wilted'
-an: derives adjectives from nouns.
(18) xaq stone' xaqan 'made of stone'
tz'iis garbage' tz'iisan 'clean
tx'otx' 'earth' tx'otx'an 'earthen
-'-: derives adjectives from positional roots.
(19) chil- 'standing, thin person' chi'l 'skinny'
qich- 'scraped' qi'ch 'rough'
-V- (vowel length): derives adjectives from positional roots.
(^6) This suffix follows a stem formative vowel. When the root is CVC, the suffix is-'n. When the stem
has a long vowel or glottal stop, the glottal stop in the suffix is attracted to the stem-vowel. However,
a stem final non-sonorant consonant blocks the movement of the glottal stop to the stem vowel, and
it is deleted.^7 Preceding long vowels are shortened.^8 It shortens a preceding long vowel.