236 Ho-min Sohn
(24) (a) na-nun ney-ka pulep-ta
isg-TP 2sg-NOM envious-DC
'I envy you'
(b) ne-nun kay-ka musep-ni?
2Sg-TP dog-NOM SCary-INTE
'do you fear a dog?'
(25) (a) Mia-ka cha-ka eps-ta
Mia-NOM car-NOM not.have-DC
'Mia does not have a car'
(b) Yongho-ka chayk-i manh-ta
Yongho-NOM book-NOM many-DC
'Yongho has many books'
Eighth, while the general negative adverb an occurs with both a verb and an adjec-
tive, the negative adverb mos 'cannot, not' normally occurs only with a verb.
(26) Verb: hakkyo-ey mos ka-n-ta
school-to cannot go-iN-DC
'(he) cannot go to school'
Adjective: *i cha-nun mos coh-ta
this car-TP cannot good-DC
'this car cannot be good'
As observed thus far, adjectives have more limited morphological and syntactic
possibilities than do verbs in Korean.
4 Semantics of the adjective class
4.1. SEMANTIC TYPES
The core meaning shared by all adjectives in Korean is 'property' or 'state' as against
'action' or 'process' that characterizes verbs. In addition to the four core seman-
tic types as presented in (i), Dixon's peripheral and other recurrent adjective se-
mantic types include the following. Korean has abundant underived (all native) as
well as derived (native, Sino-Korean, and loan) adjectives in each of these types.
Synchronically monomorphemic native ones are illustrated in (28). Note that, as
in other native lexical items, many adjectives are polysemous and may belong to
two or more semantic types. Examples are arranged in antonymic pairs as much
as possible.
(28) 5. PHYSICAL PROPERTY
mukepta 'heavy' kapyepta 'light'
kechilta 'rough' putulepta 'soft, smooth'
kwutta 'hard' muluta 'soft'
ccata 'salty' singkepta 'not salted'