214
Record Group 263, Entry ZZ-18, Box 35, NARA; NSW, 210–11;
O’Sullivan, ‘German Covert Initiatives,’ 170–1.
- About Leverkuehn, see Paul Leverkuehn, Der geheime Nachrichtendienst
der deutschen Wehrmacht im Kriege (Frankfurt: Athenäum, 1964), avail-
able in English translation as German Military Intelligence, translated by
R. H. Stevens and Constantine FitzGibbon (London: Weidenfeld &
Nicolson, 1954); and Burkhard Jähnicke, ‘Lawyer, Politician, Intelligence
Officer: Paul Leverkuehn in Turkey, 1915–1916 and 1941–1944,’ Journal
of Intelligence History 2, no. 2 (Winter 2002): 69–87.
- There is no doubt that Leverkuehn succeeded in deploying some Iraqi
agents and even some so-called ‘terror groups’ in Baghdad, that distrib-
uted anti-British propaganda. R 2/1767, BArch-MArch, also cited by
Francis Nicosia, Nazi Germany and the Arab World (New York: Cambridge
University Press, 2015), 229.
- History of Combined Intelligence Centre Iraq and Persia, June 1941–
December 1944, AIR 29/2504, TNA. For the Abwehr defectors, see KV
2/956, KV 2/957, KV 2/958, TNA (Vermehren); KV 2/959, TNA
(Hamburger); and KV 2/1945, TNA (Kleczkowski). See also Ben
Macintyre, A Spy among Friends: Kim Philby and the Great Betrayal (New
York: Crown, 2014), 22.
- F.H. Hinsley and C.A.G. Simkins, Security and Counter-Intelligence, vol. 4
of British Intelligence in the Second World War (New York: Cambridge
University Press, 1990), 149, 163. For a compendium of Trevor-Roper’s
intelligence reports containing information on the Abwehr and SD derived
from decrypts obtained by MI6 Subsection Vw, see HW 19/347, TNA. See
also Hugh Trevor-Roper, The Secret World: Behind the Curtain of British
Intelligence in World War II and the Cold War, Edward Harrison, ed.
(London: I.B. Tauris, 2014), 7.
- First detailed interrogation report on Mueller, Agt., by Major Edmund
Tilley, 27 October 1943, WO 201/1402B, TNA.
- Security Intelligence Summary No. 58, Defence Security Office, CICI
Iraq, 12 September 1943, AIR 29/2512, TNA; History of Combined
Intelligence Centre Iraq and Persia, June 1941–December 1944, AIR
29/2504, TNA; Hinsley and Simkins, Security and Counter-Intelligence,
165, 210. Cf. Art Dayton’s version of events in Chap. 10. According to
Ben Macintyre, A Spy among Friends: Kim Philby and the Great Betrayal
(New York: Crown, 2014), 78, ZULU was planted by Nicholas Elliot of
MI6 Istanbul, not by ALO Mosul. Perhaps it was a joint operation.
- Again, cf. Art Dayton of OSS, who states that there were 11 defendants
and 11 defence counsels. Perhaps two members of the group were not
brought to trial, though the records contain no mention of this. Dayton to
ADRIAN O’SULLIVAN
