63 All five had names other than Squanto orTisquantum, but Indians sometimes
went by different names in different tribes. Squanto’s biographer, Feenie Ziner,
believes he was one of the five. Ferdinando Gorges stated in 1658 that Squanto
was among those abducted in 1605 and lived with him in England for three
years, which convinced Kinnicutt (“The Settlement at Plymouth Contemplated
Before 1620,” 212-13) but not historians at Plimoth Plantation or Neal
Salisbury (Manitou and Providence, 265-66), although Salisbury seems more
positive in “Squanto: Last of the Patuxets.” See also Lauber, Indian Slavery in
Colonial Times, 156-59.
64 Simpson, Invisible Armies, 6.
65 One textbook, the latest edition of Boorstin and Kelley, does summarize the
enslavement and the destruction of Squanto’s village.
66 William Bradford, Of Plimouth Plantation, 99. See also, inter alia,
Salisbury, “Squanto: Last of the Patuxets,” 228-46.
67 Robert Moore, Stereotypes, Distortions, and Omissions in U.S. History
Textbooks (New York: CIBC, 1977), 19.
68 Robert M. Bartlett, The Pilgrim Way (Philadelphia: Pilgrim Press, 1971),
265; and Loeb, Meet the Real Pilgrims, 65.
69 Charles Hudson et al., “The Tristan de Luna Expeditions, 1559-61,” in
Jerald T. Milanich and Susan Milbrath, eds., First Encounters (Gainesville:
University of Florida Press, 1989), 119-34, supplies a vivid illustration of
European dependence on Indians for food. They tell of the little-known second
Spanish expedition (after de Soto) into what is now the southeastern United
States. Because the Indians retreated from them and burned their own crops,
the Europeans almost starved.
70 Bessie L. Pierce, Public Opinion and the Teaching of History in the
United States (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1926), 113-14. See also Alice B.
Kehoe, “‘In fourteen hundred and ninety two, Columbus sailed... ’: The
Primacy of the National Myth in U.S. Schools,” in Peter Stone and Robert
MacKenzie, eds., The Excluded Past (London: Unwin Hyman, 1990), 207.
71 Mircea Eliade, Myth and Reality (New York: Harper and Row, 1963), 18-
19.
72 Robert N. Bellah, “Civil Religion in America,” Daedalus (Winter 1967):
1- 21. See Hugh Brogan, The Pelican History of the U.S.A. (Harmondsworth,