19 Pageant does supply a short quote from this document, but it is so vague
that few readers will understand it.
20 Bessie L. Pierce, Public Opinion and the Teaching of History in the
United States (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1926), 66-70. Nor was the North
a great incubator of progressive textbooks in those decades.
21 Frances FitzGerald, America Revised (New York: Vintage, 1980), tells
how history textbooks changed their treatment of slavery and Reconstruction in
the 1970s. Hillel Black describes the former influence of white segregationist
Southerners and the new black influence in Northern urban school districts,
resulting from the civil rights and Black Power movements, in The American
Schoolbook (New York: Morrow, 1967), Chapter 8. “Liberating Our Past,”
Southern Exposure, 11/1984, 2-3, tells of the influence of the civil rights
movement. The new treatments of slavery are closer to most of those written at
the time and to the primary sources.
22 Interviews at Williamsburg; Sloan, Blacks in America, 1492-1970, 2;
Howard Zinn, The Politics of History (Boston: Beacon, 1970), 67.
23 Horton is quoted by Robert Moore in Stereotypes, Distortions, and
Omissions in U.S. History Textbooks (New York: Council on Interracial
Books for Children, 1977), 17.
24 Before Freedom Came, which was also a book, edited by E.D.C. Campbell
Jr. (Richmond, VA: Museum of the Confederacy, 1991).
25 Quoted in Felix Okoye, The American Image of Africa: Myth and Reality
(Buffalo: Black Academy Press, 1971), 37. Here Montesquieu presages
Festinger’s idea of cognitive dissonance. See Leon Festinger, A Theory of
Cognitive Dissonance (Evanston, IL: Row, Peterson, 1957).
26 Okoye, The American Image of Africa.
27 Margaret Mitchell, Gone With the Wind (New York: Avon, 1964 [1936]),
645.
28 In reporting the survey, a journalist added dryly, “The Bible also ranked
high.”
29 I also searched under white racism, white supremacy, and various other
headings, to no avail.
30 On Ecuador, see Ivan Van Sertima, They Came Before Columbus (New