(Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1983), 116.
17 Edward Pessen, The Log Cabin Myth (New Haven: Yale University Press,
1984).
18 August Hollingshead and Frederick C. Redlich, Social Class and Mental
Illness (New York: Wiley, 1958), 6. Traditional sex roles, here favoring
women, caused the death rate among men to be much higher in all classes.
19 Lawrence M. Baskir and William Strauss, Chance and Circumstance (New
York: Random House, 1986).
20 Richard Sennett and Jonathan Cobb, The Hidden Injuries of Class (New
York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1972).
21 Citing only literature from the 1970s, see, inter alia, Joel Spring, Education
and the Rise of the Corporate State (Boston: Beacon, 1972); Ray Rist, The
Urban School: A Factory for Failure (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1973); Samuel
Bowles and Herbert Gintis, Schooling in Capitalist America (New York:
Basic Books, 1976); Joel Spring, The Sorting Machine (New York: David
McKay, 1976); James Rosenbaum, Making Inequality (New York: Wiley,
1976); Paul Willis, Learning to Labor (Farnborough, Eng.: Saxon House,
Teakfield Ltd., 1977); and Jerome Karabel and A. H. Halsey, eds., Power and
Ideology in Education (New York: Oxford University Press, 1977).
22 Jonathan Kozol, Savage Inequalities (New York: Crown, 1991).
23 The inquiry textbook The American Adventure comes closest to analyzing
education and social class among the eighteen books I surveyed.
24 Cowan’s work is described and quoted in Herbert Gutman, Power and
Culture (New York: Pantheon, 1987), 396-97.
25 Gutman, Power and Culture, 386- 90.
26 William Miller, “American Historians and the Business Elite,” in Miller,
ed., Men in Business (New York: Harper and Row, 1962), 326-28,
summarizing his own research and work by Reinhard Bendix and F. W.
Howton. See also David Montgomery, Beyond Equality (New York: Vintage,
1967), 15. Some other studies showed marginally higher proportions, not
materially different, except for scattered pockets of opportunity, including
Paterson, NJ.
27 Verba and Orren, Equality in America , 10. See also Paul Gagnon,