A Reader in Sociophonetics

Phonetic Detail in the Perception of Ethnic Varieties of US English 297

Table 13.1 Correlation Matrix for Group 2 (1920–1939)

Vowe l

Duration

Pulsing

Duration

%

Glottal

Pulshing

V:C

Ratio

Change

in F0

Change

in F1

Consonant

Gap

Duration

Vo i c e d

Vowe l

Duration 0.181 0.039 0.558

*** -0.218 -0.089 -0.082

Pulsing

Duration -0.035 0.324

* -0.368* 0.260 -0.104 -0.564***

% Glottal

Pulsing -0.340 0.546

** 0.292 0.454** 0.144 0.579***

V:C R at i o 0.482* -0.241 0.297 -0.069 0.190 0.606***

Change

in F0 -0.224 -0.152 -0.339 0.021 0.434

** 0.155

Change

in F1 -0.389 -0.125 -0.063 -0.085 -0.50 0.209

Consonant

Gap

Duration

-0.3459 -0.206 0.531** 0.567** -0.211 0.292

Vo i c e l e s s

* p = 0.05, ** p = 0.01, *** p = 0.001, **** p = 0.0001

Table 13.2 Correlation Matrix for Group 3 (1920–1939)

Vowe l

Duration

Pulsing

Duration

%

Glottal

Pulshing

V:C

Ratio

Change

in F0

Change

in F1

Consonant

Gap

Duration

Vo i c e d

Vowe l

Duration -0.425

* -0.453* 0.538* -0.301 0.352 -0.238

Pulsing

Duration 0.237 0.766

**** -0.065 0.374* -0.529** 0.389**

% Glottal

Pulsing -0.180 0.548

** 0.346 0.390* -0.452* 0.823****

V:C R at i o 0.200 -0.121 0.411* 0.006 0.198 0.606***

Change

in F0 -0.241 0.299 0.360

* -0.106 -0.241 0.248

Change

in F1 0.076 0.136 0.153 -0.009 -0.158 -0.198

Consonant

Gap

Duration

-0.439* -0.267 0.424* 0.652**** 0.136 -0.203

Vo i c e l e s s

* p = 0.05, ** p = 0.01, *** p = 0.001, **** p = 0.0001