372 Renée van Bezooijen and Vincent J. van Heuven
on the ratings for each of the six scales, whereas the factor Region never had
any effect.
We were especially interested, of course, in the nature of the effect of
Variety, i.e., whether and in what way the groupings of the four accents by the
younger female listeners deviated from those made by the other three groups.
To this end, post-hoc tests (Tukey’s HSD) were run as part of the analyses,
the results of which are shown in Table 15.2. In this table subsets appear on
separate lines. Accents that were not judged to be signi¿ cantly different from
each other (joined by a plus sign) are within the same subset. An accent that
was perceived by listeners as signi¿ cantly different from all other accents
forms an independent (one-member) subset.
Table 15.2 Results of Post-Hoc Analyses (p < 0.05), with Accents Ordered from
Highest to Lowest Rating
Male
youngMale
oldFemale
youngFemale
oldAll
listeners
Standard S
Av+R
AS
Av+R
AS+Av
R
AS
Av+R
AS
Av
R
A
Normal S+Av
Av+R
AS
Av+R
AS+Av
R
AS
Av+R
AS
Av
R
A
Modern Av+R+S
S+AAv+S+R
AAv+S+R
S+R+AAv+S
S+R
AAv
S+R
A
Beautiful S
Av+R
AS
R+Av+AS+Av
R
AS
R+Av
AS
Av+R
A
Polished S
Av+R
AS
R+Av
Av+AS
Av
R
AS
R
Av
AS
Av+R
AMy cup of tea S
Av+R
AS
R+Av
AAv+S
R
AS
R+Av
AS
Av
R
A
Note: Groups including Avant-garde Dutch are underlined. S = Standard Dutch,
Av = Avant-garde Dutch, R = Randstad Dutch, A = Amsterdam Dutch.