A Reader in Sociophonetics

The Frequency and Degree of “intrusive /r/” in New Zealand English 57

Table 2.6 Wald Statistics for Logistic Regression Model Predicting Likelihood of

Analysis as “strong” /r.

Factor Chi-Square d.f. P

Speaker rate of intrusive /r/ 4.47 1 0.0346

F3 of /r/ 7.01 1 0.0081

TOTAL 12.41 2 0.002

Coef

Intercept 5.110738

Speaker rate of intrusive /r/ 0.021752

F3 of /r/ -0.0022

Figure 2.10 Model effect showing the likelihood that /r/ is analyzed as a “strong”
consonant, as a function of the frequency with which the speaker pro-
duces intrusive /r/ (left panel), and the F3 of the /r/ itself (right panel).

Table 2.7 Coef¿ cients for Logistic Regression Model Predicting Likelihood of
Analysis as “strong” /r/