Unit 3 • Narrative
60 • Types of writing
1.1 Connecting words
This exercise looks at wordsthat are useful for connectingsentencesin a
narrative,and aims to develop your rangeof linkingw ords and practisethe
tensesthat accompany them.BoxA
Ea rlierl lU ea n w h ile Next
Befor eth atIthen Atthesame time Aftera iciulc
Before/wud In themeantime Afterthat
Preciousli] SimIlItaneousls] Aftencards^2
Atcure
Bythattime Ihythen Hefore long
Lateron
Unt ilth at time/until then SOlm
l nnncdtately
At th atlJ!ome nt
Ins talltly
SlIddellly
Then
\Fith;'lseco nds/days/et c.
IThe sixwordsand phrasesin thiscolumnare oftenfollowedbyth e
past perfectte nse.
Shesta rtedicork:ill GellCUJyesterday. Predollslyshehnd[corkeditlHome.
lji rstmeth imill'9 1.Bythen,hehadalreadymasteredtheflutetuu]piano.
2 After sho uld notheuse dto meannext , tlieno raftcllI;ards.
Afterc allheusedintheIollowmgstructures :
After+geru nd(After meefillgthem,...)
Aft er+clause(Afte rh e h"dintrod ucedhimself....)
After+noun(After he rbirtluiai],...)A Pract ic e
Starting withoneof the sentences givenbelow, workwith a partner to continue
the narrativefor as long as possible.Take it in turns to add one or more
sentencestot he story .Each time,use one of the linking words givenin Box A
before addingyoursentences.
Example
Scumafte rmidlligh t, th eSO/ll U!ofgunfireechoedacrossth e desert.
A TheilIcehcanl screamscomi/lgfromthep risoner'stent .It sO/lluled asifhe IL'as
interriblepatn;
R Un t ilthatmoment, hehadb eensoquietIcehadb eenafraidheuiasdying.H e
hadn'teccntoldushis nameorichnthe fwd doneuiitl,the stee li ngicheelof0111'
jeep.
A Atoncercera not.::erto im:estigate.
nl Vit lt ins econ d s, rccrealiz e ditlcas atmp.- Everything wentwe llforthe first 20 minut es ,andeven the tige rseeme dfri e ndly.
- Amy managedtoescape, le a\ i ng he rme chanic a priso nerOIlthe island.
- Afte r 13 days the irrationswereexhaustedand they wer edyingofhu nge r.
- Ablazewithfieryemotions, Jane walkedself-consciou slyaway.
- The spacecraftwas immediately surrounde dbvsmallgree nc reat ures.
- )'lar\"e lling at herbeautv,theprince kissedhersleeping face.
- I was in theT up in nmbu.ha\ing abizcochoandcoffe e. w he n this girlcame in.