Western Civilization

Key Terms

polis(p. 54)

hoplites(p. 54)

phalanx(p. 54)

tyrants(p. 56)

oligarchies(p. 56)

perioikoi(p. 56)

helots(p. 56)

Sophists(p. 65)

rhetoric(p. 65)

Socratic method(p. 66)

Suggestions for Further Reading

GENERAL WORKS A good general introduction to Greek his-

tory isW. Donlan et al., Ancient Greece: A Political, Social,

and Cultural History, 2d ed. (New York, 2008). On the Greek

way of war, seeV. D. Hanson,The Wars of the Ancient

Greeks, rev. ed. (London, 2006).

EARLY GREEK HISTORY Early Greek history is examined in

O. Murray,Early Greece, 2d ed. (Cambridge, Mass., 1993). On

the Trojan War, seeB. Strauss,The Trojan War: A New His-

tory(New York, 2006).

ARCHAIC GREECE A good general work on archaic Greece is

J. Hall,History of the Archaic Greek World, c. 1200–479

B.C.E.(London, 2006). On Sparta, seeP. A. Cartledge,The

Spartans(New York, 2003). On early Athens, seeR. Osborne,

Demos(New York, 1985). The Persian wars are examined in

P. Green,The Greco-Persian Wars(Berkeley, Calif., 1996).

CLASSICAL GREECE A general history of classical Greece can

be found inP. J. Rhodes,A History of the Greek Classical

World, 478–323B.C.(London, 2006). Valuable works on Athens

includeD. Kagan,Pericles of Athens and the Birth of Democ-

racy(New York, 1991), andK. A. Raaflaub et al.,Origins of

Democracy in Ancient Greece(Berkeley, Calif., 2007). For a

recent account of the Peloponnesian War, seeJ. F. F. Lazenby,

The Peloponnesian War(New York, 2004).

GREEK CULTURE For a history of Greek art, seeM. Fullerton,

Greek Art(Cambridge, 2000). On Greek drama, see the general

work byJ. De Romilly,A Short History of Greek Literature

(Chicago, 1985). On Greek history writing, seeD. Shanske,

Thucydides and the Philosophical Origins of History

(Cambridge, 2006).

FAMILY AND GENDER ISSUES On the family and women,

seeC. B. Patterson,The Family in Greek History(New York,

1998);E. Fantham et al.,Women in the Classical World(New

York, 1994); andS. Blundell, Women in Ancient Greece

(London, 1995).

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Cengage Learning content. MindTap combines student learning tools—readings,

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Notes

1. H. D. F. Kitto,The Greeks(Harmondsworth, England,
   1951), p. 64.


2. Homer,Odyssey, trans. E. V. Rieu (Harmondsworth,
   England, 1946), p. 337.


3. Xenophon,Symposium, trans. O. J. Todd (Cambridge,
   Mass., 1968), III, 5.


4. Homer,Odyssey, pp. 290–291.


5. Quoted in T. R. Martin,Ancient Greece(New Haven, Conn.,
   1996), p. 62.


6. Quoted in V. D. Hanson,The Wars of the Ancient Greeks,
   rev. ed. (London, 2006), p. 14.


7. Plutarch, quoted in E. Fantham et al.,Women in the
   Classical World(New York, 1994), p. 64.
   8. Herodotus,The Persian Wars, trans. G. Rawlinson
   (New York, 1942), p. 3.
   9. Thucydides,History of the Peloponnesian War, trans. R.
   Warner (Harmondsworth, England, 1954), p. 24.


8. Sophocles,Oedipus the King, trans. D. Grene (Chicago,
   1959), pp. 68–69.


9. Sophocles,Antigone, trans. D. Taylor (London, 1986),
   p. 146.


10. Plato,The Republic, trans. F. M. Cornford (New York,
    1945), pp. 178–179.


11. Aristotle, quoted in S. Blundell,Women in Ancient Greece
    (Cambridge, Mass., 1995), p. 106.


12. Ibid., p. 186.

72 Chapter 3 The Civilization of the Greeks

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