Western Civilization

ITALIAN CITY-STATES On the Italian city-states, seeJ. M.

Najemy, ed.,Italy in the Age of the Renaissance, 1300–1550

(Oxford, 2004). There is an enormous literature on Renaissance

Florence. A good introduction isJ. M. Najemy,History of Flor-

ence, 1200–1575(London, 2006). Machiavelli’s life can be exam-

ined inQ. Skinner,Machiavelli(Oxford, 2000).

RENAISSANCE HUMANISM A brief introduction to Renais-

sance humanism can be found inC. G. Nauert, Jr.,Humanism

and the Culture of Renaissance Europe,2d ed. (Cambridge,

2006). See alsoR. Mackenny,Renaissances: The Cultures of

Italy, c. 1300–c. 1600(New York, 2004).

RENAISSANCE ART Good surveys of Renaissance art include

J. T. Paoletti and G. M. Radke,Art, Power, and Patronage

in Renaissance Italy, 3d ed. (Upper Saddle River, N.J., 2003);C.

Bucci and S. Buricchi,Renaissance Art(New York, 2007);R.

Turner,Renaissance Florence: The Invention of a New Art

(New York, 1997); andP. F. Brown,Art and Life in Renais-

sance Venice(Upper Saddle River, N.J., 1997).

POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS On the political development

of Europe in the Renaissance, seeC. Mulgan,The Renaissance

Monarchies, 1469–1558(Cambridge, 1998).

THE CHURCH IN THE RENAISSANCE Aspects of the Renais-

sance papacy can be examined inG. Noel,The Renaissance

Popes(New York, 2006).

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Notes

1. Quoted in J. Burckhardt,The Civilization of the Renaissance
   in Italy, trans. S. G. C. Middlemore (London, 1960), p. 81.


2. B. Castiglione,The Book of the Courtier, trans. C. S.
   Singleton (Garden City, N.Y., 1959), pp. 288–289.


3. Quoted in D. L. Jensen,Renaissance Europe(Lexington,
   Mass., 1981), p. 94.


4. G. Brucker, ed.,Two Memoirs of Renaissance Florence(New
   York, 1967), p. 132.


5. Quoted in M. L. King,Women of the Renaissance(Chicago,
   1991), p. 3.


6. N. Machiavelli,The Prince, trans. D. Wootton (Indianapolis,
   1995), p. 48.
   7. Ibid., p. 55.
   8. G. Pico della Mirandola,Oration on the Dignity of Man,in
   The Renaissance Philosophy of Man, ed. E. Cassirer, P. O.
   Kristeller, and J. H. Randall, Jr. (Chicago, 1948), p. 225.
   9. Ibid., pp. 247–249.


7. Quoted in I. Origo,The Light of the Past(New York, 1959),
   p. 136.


8. Quoted in E. G. Holt, ed.,A Documentary History of Art
   (Garden City, N.Y., 1959), vol. 1, p. 286.


9. Quoted in R. M. Letts,The Cambridge Introduction to Art:
   The Renaissance(Cambridge, 1981), p. 86.

300 Chapter 12 Recovery and Rebirth: The Age of the Renaissance

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