Western Civilization

CHAPTER TIMELINE

CHAPTER REVIEW

Upon Reflection

Q How did the experiences of the Spanish and

Portuguese during the age of exploration differ

from those of their French, Dutch, and English

counterparts?

Q What role did religion play as a motivation in the

age of exploration? Was it as important as the

economic motive? Why or why not?

Q Why and how did Japan succeed in keeping

Europeans largely away from its territory in the

seventeenth century?

Key Terms

conquistadors(p. 334)

encomienda(p. 336)

viceroy(p. 337)

triangular trade(p. 338)

Middle Passage(p. 338)

Columbian Exchange(p. 339)

price revolution(p. 351)

joint stock company(p. 352)

mercantilism(p. 353)

Suggestions for Further Reading

GENERAL WORKS For general accounts of European discov-

ery and expansion, seeG. V. Scammell,The First Imperial

Age: European Overseas Expansion, c. 1400–1715(London,

1989);D. Arnold,Age of Discovery,2d ed. (London, 2002);

Portugal

France

Netherlands

England

1450 1500 1550 1600 1650 1700 1750 1800

First boatload of African slaves to America

Canada becomes property of French crown

Dutch seize Malacca

from Portuguese

English seize New Netherland Battle of Plassey

English establish

trading post at

Canton British mission

to China

Dutch fort

established at Batavia

Voyages of Columbus

Spanish conquest of Mexico Pizarro’s conquest of Inca

Portuguese seize

Malacca

Portuguese arrive in Japan

Dias sails around

tip of Africa

Spain

Chapter Summary • 355

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