observations and data to answer the question as well as
possible. https://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-
projects/science-fair/steps-of-the-scientific-method[ 58 ]Cain Kills Abel. If YHWH suspects that Cain is
jealous of Abel or angry at him, [It is unclear that Cain is
being described as angry. See discussion in, Nahum M.
Sarna, The JPS Torah Commentary – Genesis (Philadelphia:
Jewish Publication Society, 1989 ), 33 , n. 4 .] and that Abel is
in danger of being killed, YHWH makes no mention of it.
And yet, this is what occurs in the very next scene: בראשית ד:
ח יֶמשֹּרַי קרַןַ אשמ אתמלמ ירחַשי רלַרְַי הביורלְִַ לדמַיִַ הןיירֹיַ קרַןַ אשמ אתמלמ ירחַשי
יֹלְריְלַַֹריַ. Gen 4 : 8 Cain said to Abel his brother... But then it
was, when they were out in the field, that Cain rose up
against Abel his brother and he killed him. Disturbingly
laconic, the description passes over crucial sections such as
what Cain said and whether Abel responded. [The “narrative
is characterized by gaps, silences and fateful unexplained
actions that provoke more questions than solutions.” Yoel
Duman and Jo Milgrom, “Having Left the Garden: Cain and
Abel,” Tali Virtual Midrash ( 2007 ). The article is currently
available on Mikranet.] In contrast to the Masoretic text,
which is missing Cain’s words, the Samaritan Pentateuch
reads ללאה לדאל “let us go to the field.” [This is also the
reading found in the Greek Septuagint (διέλθωμεν εἰς τὸ πεδί
ον), and similar locutions are found in the Latin Vulgate
(egrediamur foras), in the Syriac Peshita (שדיה שבקןתא), and
in the various Jerusalem Targums: Neofiti (לברש ןתהי קהריב
רתשא שית), Pseudo-Jonathan (שברש ןיתרהי קהרייב שיתא), and the
Fragmentary Targum (שברש ןיתהי רתשא שית).] While it is clear
that the Masoretic Text is corrupt, it is unclear that these two
words were original; they may be an attempt to fill the lacuna,
working backwards minimally from the next phrase “when
they were in the field.” Even if this phrase is original, it tells
us little about the motivation for Cain’s action. [R. Ovadiah
Sforno suggests that Cain took Abel out into the field שאא
רהתת הלרתש הֶשי “away from their father and mother,” i.e., in
order to kill Abel secretly. Sforno then points to
Deuteronomy 19 : 11 which deals with premeditated murder.]
Interpreters over the centuries have struggled with the
question of why Cain kills Abel. As the Torah never offers
an explicit reason, rewritten accounts of the Cain and Abel
story have felt the need to add details to make the story
clearer. Some of these attempts are modest adjustments;
others take more fanciful directions.
http://www.thetorah.com/article/why-did-cain-kill-abel[ 59 ]The very first ‘learned society’ meeting on 28
November 1660 followed a lecture at Gresham College by
Christopher Wren. Joined by other leading polymaths
including Robert Boyle and John Wilkins, the group soonand biological worlds in ways that create both huge promise
and potential peril. The speed, breadth and depth of this
revolution is forcing us to rethink how countries develop,
how organisations create value and even what it means to be
human. The Fourth Industrial Revolution is about more than
just technology-driven change; it is an opportunity to help
everyone, including leaders, policy-makers and people from
all income groups and nations, to harness converging
technologies in order to create an inclusive, human-centred
future. The real opportunity is to look beyond technology,
and find ways to give the greatest number of people the
ability to positively impact their families, organisations and
communities. http://www.weforum.org/focus/fourth-industrial-
revolution
[ 54 ]Blade Runner. Year 1982. Running time 117 min.
Country United States. Director Ridley Scott. Genre Sci-Fi.
Action | Neo-noir. Futuristic Thriller. Cyberpunk. Dystopia.
Robots. Cult Movie. Movie Groups. Philip K. Dick
Adaptations Blade Runner.
http://www.filmaffinity.com/us/film 358476 .html
[ 55 ]Metropolis. Year 1927. Running time 153 min.
Country Germany. Director Fritz Lang. Genre Sci-Fi. Drama,
Dystopia. Robots. German Expressionism. Cult Movie.
Silent Film. http://www.filmaffinity.com/us/film 282386 .html
[ 56 ]The Terminator. Year 1984. Running time 108 min.
Country United States. Director James Cameron. Genre Sci-
Fi. Action. Robots. Time Travel. Cult Movie.
http://www.filmaffinity.com/us/film 304107 .html
[ 57 ]The scientific method is a process for experimentation
that is used to explore observations and answer questions. Do
all scientists follow the scientific method exactly? No. Some
areas of science can be more easily tested than others. For
example, scientists studying how stars change as they age or
how dinosaurs digested their food cannot fast-forward a star's
life by a million years or run medical exams on feeding
dinosaurs to test their hypotheses. When direct
experimentation is not possible, scientists modify the
scientific method. But even when modified, the goal (and
many of the steps) remains the same: to discover cause and
effect relationships by asking questions, carefully gathering
and examining the evidence, and seeing if all the available
information can be combined into a logical answer. New
information or thinking might also cause a scientist to back
up and repeat steps at any point during the process.
Understanding the steps of the scientific method will help
you focus your scientific question and work through your