Financial_Times_UK 28Jan2020

4 ★ FINANCIAL TIMES Tuesday28 January 2020

I N T E R N AT I O N A L

A L A N B E AT T I E— BRUSSELS

The US will push hard to include politi-
cally sensitive subjects such as chemi-
cal-washed chicken in a mooted trans-
atlantic trade deal with the EU, Donald
Trump’s agriculture secretary has
insisted.
Sonny Perdue said Brussels should
acceptproduction methods banned in
Europe to secure the deal romised byp
Mr Trump and Ursula von der Leyen,
theEuropeanCommissionpresident.

So far, EU and US officials have talked

about low-level liberalisation of agricul-

tural trade such as unblocking bureau-

cratic obstacles to imports of American

oysters and other shellfish to the EU,

and European sales of apples and pears

intheUS.

But Mr Perdue said the EU would

need to change its food hygiene regula-

tions to address the US trade deficit in

agriculturewiththebloc.

“You’re not going to get there with

apples and pears and shellfish” he told

reporters in Brusselsyesterday. “There

areotherthingsthathavetohappen.”

The intervention underlines the diffi-

cultyfortheEUandUSinhittingMsvon

der Leyen’s target of a deal “within

weeks” following her meeting with Mr

Trump at the recent World Economic

Forum in Davos. The EU is keen to

secureadealtodefusetransatlanticten-

sions, with the US’s aggressive focus on

trade policy having shifted from China

toEurope.

Mr Perdueyesterday defended chem-

ical-washed chicken, commonly

referred to as “chlorinated chicken” in

the EU. The US uses the technique to

disinfect poultry but the EU bans the

practice.

“We have a very efficient system of

poultry production and we are able to

export to every other country in the

world,” he said, arguing that US farmers

now used a chemical called peracetic

acid rather than chlorine. “Peracetic

acid... is a great pathogen reduction

treatment. You know what it is? It’s vin-

egar, essentially. To say that’s unsafe or

not to be used, we don’t think there’s a

basisforthatinsoundscience.”

The EU agriculture directorate did

not immediately return a call asking for

comment, but the commission and the

member states, particularly France,

haveruledoutnegotiatingovertheissue

inpasttradetalks.

Mr Perdue also denied the US was try-

ing to play divide-and-rule with the EU

and the UK after Brexit.“We would love

to see trade relationships that have sim-

ilar policies... between the UK and the

EU,”hesaid.

So-called“sanitaryandphytosanitary

standards” became a hotly contested

issue in the last broad EU-US trade

negotiation, the stalled Transatlantic

Trade and Investment Partnership.

Brussels fiercely resisted US pressure to

droprestrictions on chemical-washed

poultry, beef raised with growth hor-

mone and crops produced using geneti-

cally-modifiedorganisms(GMOs).

Transatlantic trade

US hits at chemical-washed chicken ban

Trump’s agriculture

secretary calls on EU to

relax food hygiene rules

M I L E S J O H N S O N —ROME

MatteoSalvinihopedthatiftheleftwing
bastion of Emilia-Romagna fell to his
anti-immigration League party, the
national government would crumble.
For now, Italy’s most popular politician
hasbeenthwarted.
After a hard-fought campaign, the
Democratic party (PD) held on to a
northern region it has controlled for
more than 70 years. In doing so, the
centre-left party provided some respite
to Giuseppe Conte’s coalition govern-
mentandkeptMrSalviniatbay.
However it may do little to change
the overall dynamic in Italian politics,
where Mr Salvini continues to be the
most popular figure and where the Five
Star Movement — propelled into gov-
ernment in 2018 with an anti-establish-
ment message — ishaemorrhaging
support.
“Salvini’s aim was to bring down the
government, and in that he has failed,”
said Daniele Albertazzi, an academic at
the University of Birmingham. “The
League, however, has mainly lost
because its objectives were so ambi-
tious. When you look at the actual vote
he still got three times as many votes as
inthelastregionalelectionin2014.
“The campaigning ability of the
League — fighting the PD on their home
turf and making it competitive — shows
itisaformidablepoliticalmachine.”
Opinion polls before Sunday’s vote
suggested a close race in Emilia-
Romagna, which prompted Mr Salvini
to invest considerable energy and
resourcesinthecampaign.
HehopedthatdefeatforthePDwould
precipitate a snap election and allow
him to capitalise on the League’s
national popularity. But the tightness of
the race and its perceived national sig-
nificance seems alsoto have galvanised
Mr Salvini’s opponents, with turnout
soaring to 67 per cent compared with
37percentin2014.
Final resultsyesterday showed Ste-
fano Bonaccini of the PD gained 51.4 per
cent of the vote. The rightwing coalition
fronted by Lucia Borgonzoni, a League
senator,won43.7percent.
Nicola Zingaretti, the PD’s leader,

calscienceatLuissUniversityinRome.

Five Star also performed poorly in

regionalelectionsinthesouthernregion

of Calabria, where a rightwing coalition

led by Silvio Berlusconi’s Forza Italia

won power from the PD. Having taken

22 per cent of the Calabrian vote in last

year’s European elections, Five Star

managed just 12 per cent in Sunday’s

poll — a signal of the broader collapse in

national support for a party that

achieved the most votes in Italy’s 2018

generalelection.

Yet in spite of this, Mr Emanuele said

financial and career considerations

meant few Five Star lawmakers would

be willing to destabilise the government

and risk losing their seats in fresh elec-

tions. “It is a very pragmatic point, but

many of the Five Star Movement MPs

took out mortgages when they became

MPs in 2018 and they were unemployed

before — so losing their jobs would be

verybadforthem,”hesaid.

See Markets

JA M E S S H OT T E R —OSWIECIM

Holocaust survivors and the leaders of

Israel and Poland called for a redou-

bling of the global fight against anti-

Semitismyesterday as delegations

from around the world gathered to

commemorate the 75th anniversary of

the liberation ofAuschwitz.

The Nazi concentration camp was the

epicentre of the Holocaust, with about

1.1m people, including almost 1m Jews,

murderedthere.

“Today we hear voices which spread

hate, on the internet, on the street and

in the centres of political power,”

Reuven Rivlin, Israeli president, said at

a joint press conference with Andrzej

Duda,hisPolishcounterpart.

“Our duty is to fight anti-Semitism,

racism and fascist nostalgia, those sick

evils that... threaten to eat away at the

foundations of our democracies,” he

added.

The 75th anniversary is likely to be

one the last big gatherings of Holocaust

survivors.As well as delegations from

60 countries, about 200 survivors

attended. Much ofthe ceremony was

devoted to their accounts ofthe horrors

of Auschwitz, which was set up and run

by the Nazis after they invaded and

occupiedPolandin1939.

ElseBaker,whosemotherwasamem-

ber of the minority Sinti group also

targeted by the Nazis and who was

brought to Auschwitzas an eight-year-

old in 1944, recalled the long queues in

front of the gas chambers and cremato-

ria, where hundreds of thousands were

herdedtotheirdeaths.

“Then the screams started,” she con-

tinued. “We saw a large area of open fire

blazing. I as an eight-year-old girl over-

heard conservations like: ‘They must

haverunoutofgasandsotheyareburn-

ingpeoplealive’.”

Another survivor, Bat-Sheva Dagan,

recalled the humiliation of having her

head shaved after entering the camp, as

well as having to work there until her

hands bled. “There was no dignity, no

respect for human dignity,” she said,

before asking why the world had not

donemoretopreventtheHolocaust.

The commemoration comes amid

fears that anti-Semitism is on the rise

across the west, with a number of

attacks in recent years. In December,

five people werestabbed t the house ofa

a rabbi in New York, while 11 worship-

pers weregunned own at a synagogued

inPennsylvaniain2018.

InGermany,agunmankilledtwopeo-

ple and tried toshoot is way into a syn-h

agogue in the eastern city of Halle in

October during Yom Kippur, the holiest

dayintheJewishcalendar.

Ronald Lauder, head of the World

JewishCongress,saidhewasworriedthe

lessons of Auschwitz were already being

forgotten. “It’s happened. That is one of

the reasons why you’re seeing this

growth of anti-Semitism,” he told the

FinancialTimes.

Mr Lauder added that as the number

of survivors of the Holocaust dwindled,

it was all the more important to teach

coming generations about what had

occurred as well as to do more to fight

hatespeechontheinternet.

“Auschwitz is a beacon of where anti-

Semitism can lead,” he said. “We can’t

rewrite history, but we can be much

moreforcefultoday.”

Editorial Comment age 12p

Commemoration

Auschwitz

survivors

warn of rising

anti-Semitism

Italy. oliticsP

Salvini suffers setback in regional contest

League party leader hoped win

in left-leaning Emilia-Romagna

would lead to general election

Star Movement, the thin majority in the

Senate [and] the regional and referen-

dumvotesfurtherinto2020.”

Five Star, whose leader Luigi Di Maio

resigned last week, is in a particularly

weak position. Its candidate in Emilia-

Romagna won only 3.4 per cent of the

vote, a painful collapse for a party that

was the largest in Italy in general elec-

tionsheldin2018.

Although Five Star has significantly

more lawmakers in the Italian parlia-

ment and senate than the PD, the result

in Emilia-Romagna is expected to tilt

power in the coalition in favour of the

supposedlyjuniorparty.

This would in turn suggest that any

vestiges of the radical policies that Five

Star favoured in opposition might be

ditched in favour of the PD’s staunchly

pro-European and economically mod-

erate platform. “The PD can now rein-

forceitspositionasthedefactoleaderof

the government,” said Vincenzo

Emanuele, assistant professor of politi-

insisted the result was a personal defeat

for Mr Salvini, and said the government

would “continue its plans to relaunch

thecountry”.

“Salvinihaslostthiselection,”MrZin-

garetti said, as he praised the impact of

the so-called Sardines grassroots anti-

Salvini protests that began in Emilia-

Romagnalastyear.

Mr Salvini himself tried to play down

the election defeat, saying that it had

been “emotional” to have the first truly

competitive election in the region in

sevendecades.

Investorsreactedpositivelytoaresult

that seems to promise greater govern-

ment stability. Benchmark bonds ral-

lied in trading yesterday, putting the

10-year yield on track for its biggest

dailydeclinesinceAugust.

“Theriskofagovernmentcrisisinthe

short term has receded somewhat,” said

analysts at Barclays. “Yet many hurdles

persist:[amongthem]thefuturenature

of the coalition with a fractured Five

League coalition

candidate Lucia

Borgonzoni,

pictured in the

background,

took only 43.7%

of the Emilia-

Romagna vote,

despite heavy

campaigning by

party leader

Matteo Salvini

Miguel Medina/AFP via Getty

Images

‘The

League has

mainly lost

because its

objectives

were so

ambitious’

Daniele

Albertazzi,

University of

Birmingham

‘You’re not going to get

there with apples and

pears and shellfish’

Sonny Perdue

D E M E T R I S E VA STO P U LO A N D C O U RT N E Y

W E AV E R— WASHINGTON

New revelations from John Bolton have

increased the likelihood that some

Republican senators could join Demo-

crats’ demand to hear from additional

witnesses in Donald Trump’s impeach-

ment trial, in what would be a major

setback for the White House.

Yesterday, Mr Trumpdenied personally

telling r Bolton, his former nationalM

securityadviser,thathewantedtowith-

hold aid to Ukraine until Kyiv complied

with his demand to investigate former

vice-president Joe Biden. The com-

ments came in response to a New York

Times report that Mr Bolton had made

the claim in an upcoming book about

hisWhiteHousetenure.

However, Mitt Romney, the Republi-

can senator from Utah and former pres-

idential candidate, said that Mr Bolton’s

assertion was reason to call him as a wit-

ness in the Senate impeachment trial,

and that it was “increasingly likely”

otherRepublicansenatorswouldagree.

“It is increasingly apparent that it

would be important to hear from John

Bolton,” Mr Romney told reporters yes-

terday. I think at this stage it’s pretty“

fair to say that John Bolton has a rele-

vant testimony... I think it’s increas-

ingly likely that other Republicans will

join those of us who think we should

hearfromJohnBolton.”

The Democrats will push later this

week for another vote in the Senate to

authorisecallingwitnesses.Iftheyfailto

get a majority — which requires themto

win over at least four of the 53 Republi-

cansenators—thetrial ouldendbeforec

theweekend.

But Mr Romney isamong a handful of

Republican senators een as most likelys

to vote in favour of allowing new wit-

nesses, a development hat would pro-t

long the trial and thwart Mr Trump’s

hopes of a speedy acquittal in the

Republican-controlledchamber.

Susan Collins, a Republican from

Maine who has also said she would con-

sider voting to allow witnesses, saidyes-

terday that the reports about the book

“strengthen the case for witnesses and

have prompted a number of conversa-

tionsamongmycolleagues”.

While Senate Republicans scrambled

to address the new claims from Mr Bol-

ton,MrTrumplashedoutonTwitter.

“I NEVER told John Bolton that the

aid to Ukraine was tied to investigations

into Democrats, including the Bidens,”

Mr Trump wrote in a series of tweets.

“He never complained about this at the

time of his very public termination. If

John Bolton said this, it was only to sell a

book.”

The assertion by Mr Bolton — who

claims he was not fired but resigned —

undercuts the argument Mr Trump’s

defence team is making: that there was

no coercion campaign linking the aid

withtheinvestigations.

Mr Bolton’s claims have put Senate

Republicans in adifficult position. Over

the past four decades, Mr Bolton has

helped advance the views of Republican

foreign policy hardliners, a group that

has bristled at Mr Trump’s takeover of

thepartysincehis2016election.

If Mr Bolton is called to testify in the

trial, it would force many Republicans

tochoosebetweenalongtimepartystal-

wart and a president some view as an

interloper.

The White House says the withhold-

ing of $391m in military aid was unre-

lated to a demand that Ukrainian presi-

dent Volodymyr Zelensky announce a

probe into Mr Biden and his son,

Hunter, who had served on the board of

aUkrainiangascompany.

Mr Trump’s impeachment trial

entered ts second weeki yesterday with

the president’s defence teamcontinuing

to present heiropeningarguments.t

Republicans earlier voted to ejectr

calls to allow witnessesbut left the door

open to a later vote after opening argu-

mentsconcluded.Democratsarepartic-

ularly keen to call Mr Bolton because he

has first-hand knowledge of various ele-

mentsoftheUkrainescandal.

Editorial Comment age 12p

Impeachment trial

Support grows among Republicans to hear Bolton testimony

John Bolton’s claims have increased

the pressure on Donald Trump

STOCK MARKETSMar 30prev %chgWorldMarkets

S&P 500Nasdaq CompositeFTSEurorst 300Dow Jones IndEuro Stoxx 505902.741500.7220703.38 20659.32 0.213481.672365.935897.551493.752361.133475.270.090.470.200.

FTSE 100FTSE All-ShareCAC 40Xetra DaxNikkei 12256.43 12203.00 0.4419063.22 19217.48 -0.807369.524011.015089.645069.044011.80 -0.027373.72 -0.060.

Hang SengFTSE All World $24301.09 24392.05 -0.37297.99297.730.

CURRENCIES$ per €$ per £Mar 301.0741.249prev1.0751.

SFr per €£ per €¥ per $€ index¥ per £139.035 137.822111.295 111.0351.0690.85989.046 89.3721.0720.866$ indexSFr per ££ per $€ per £¥ per €£ index€ per $119.476 119.363Mar 30104.636 103.93076.705 76.9511.2441.1640.8010.9320.806prev1.2381.1550.

COMMODITIESOil Brent $Oil WTI $Mar 3052.9850.2252.5449.51prev1.43%chg0.

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Prices are latest for editionData provided by Morningstar

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CAC 40Xetra DaxFTSE All-ShareFTSE 100 3990.007322.925122.5112312.87 12256.43 0.464011.01 -0.525089.647369.52 -0.630.

NikkeiHang SengFTSE All World $18909.26 19063.22 -0.8124111.59 24301.09 -0.78297.38298.11 -0.

CURRENCIES$ per €$ per £Mar 311.0701.2511.0741.249prev

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