ADMINISTRATIVE GEOGRAPHYbank of the Tigris, 46 kilometers north of Baghdad.^67 The caliph 'All
(656-61) is said to have appointed a Thaqafi as 'iimil to collect the
khariij at 'Ukbara.^68 Radhan was below Buzurjsabur on the east side
of the Tigris between the 'Adhaym and Diyala rivers and below the
Jabal Hamrin.^69 The Arabic form, Baradan, for this subdistrict is prob-
ably derived from the Syriac Beth Radhan. Hale, the main town in
Radhan, was the station of the marzbiin of Beth Aramaye in the early
sixth century.7° The people of both 'Ukbara and Baradan are said to
have made peace with a Muslim raiding party sent by Khiilid ibn al-
Walld in 633-34,71 and Upper Radhan is mentioned as being in Ard
Jukha in the events of 686.72 Although the other three sub districts of
Nahr Buq, Kalwadha and Nahr Bin, and Jazir may have existed in
the late Sasanian and early Islamic periods, there does not appear to
be any testimony to their use as administrative units apart from that
given by the later geographers.
Khusraw Aniishirvan is also said to have created the kura of Bazijan
Khusraw along the Nahrawan canal system for the city of Veh An-
tiokh-i Khosraw, which he founded in the southeastern part of Mada'in
for the captives taken from Antioch in Syria, whom he settled in Iraq
in 540. It combined the five tasiistj of Upper, Middle, and Lower
Nahrawan (including Jarjaraya), Beth Daraye (Badaraya), and Beth
Kosaye (Bakusaya).73 At the time of the Muslim conquest, the people
of Veh-Antiokh-i Khosraw, called Rumiyya by the Arabs, agreed to
terms of peace with Khiilid ibn 'Urfuta which allowed them to leave
or to stay. Those who stayed were to give their allegiance and advice,
pay the khariij, and act as guides.7^4 Rumiyya survived at least until
the middle of the eighth century,75 but there does not appear to be
any information on its administration in the early Islamic period.
67 Ibn Khurradadhbih, Masalik, p. 28; Ibn Rustah, A'laq, p. 104; Mas'iidi, Tanblh,
p. 38; A. Musil, The Middle Euphrates: A Topographical Itinerary (New York, 1927),
pp. 137-38; Tabari, Ta'rlkh, I, 839.
68 Abii Yiisuf, Kharaj, p. 231.
69 Hoffmann, Persischer Martyrer, p. 71; Musil, Middle Euphrates, pp. 136-37;
Yaqiit, Buldan, I, 553.
70 Hoffmann, Persischer Martyrer, p. 73; Scher, "Histoire nestorienne," II(1), 154.
71 Baladhuri, Futub, p. 248.
72 Tabari, Ta'rlkh, n, 932.
73 Dinawari, Akhbiir at-#wal, pp. 70-71; Ibn Khurradadhbih, Masalik, pp. 6-7;
Prokopios, Wars, n. xiv; Tabari, Ta'rlkh, I, 898, 959-60; Tha'alibi, Ghurar, pp. 612-
13; Yaqiit, Buldan, IV, 446-47.
74 Baladhuri, Futub, p. 263.
75 Dinawari, Akhbiir at-tiwal, p. 376.