RESOURCESPrayer" by his contemporary Dadhlsh6' Qa~raya is published in
A. Mingana's Woodbrooke Studies (Cambridge, 1934), VII: 201-47,
with an English translation on pages 70 to 143. On Dadhlsh6' see
also A. Riicker, "Eine Anweisung fiir geistliche Ubungen nestoria-
nischer Monche des 7. ]ahrhunderts," OC, 3rd ser., 9 (1934): 189-
- The "Medico-Mystical Work" of Simon of Taibutheh (d. ca.
- is in the same volume of Mingana's W oodbrooke Studies (text
pp. 281-320, translation pp. 10-69), as are 'Abhdlsh6' I:Iazzaya's
"Treatises on the Workings of Grace, etc." (text pp. 262-81, trans-
lation pp. 148-75); the "Treatise on Ermitism" by Abraham bar Dash-
andadh (£1. ca. 720-30) (text pp. 248-55, translation pp. 186-97);
and ]oseph I:Iazzaya's "Treatise on the Shortest Path That Brings Us
near to God" (text pp. 256-61, translation pp. 178-84). On the latter
see A. Guillaumont, "Sources de la doctrine de ]oseph I:Iazzaya,"
L'Orient Syrien 3 (1958): 3-24, and E.]. Sherry, "The Life and Works
of ]oseph I:Iazzaya," in The Seed of Wisdom: Essays in Honour of
T. J. Meek, ed. W. S. McCullough (Toronto, 1964), pp. 78-91; the
latter supports an eighth-century date for ]oseph.
Nestorians were not the only Christians in Iraq. By the sixth century,
Mbnophysites predominated from Armenia to Ethiopia along the By-
zantine cultural frontier. In Syria and Iraq, Monophysites were or-
ganized in the Jacobite Church, so Monophysites in Iraq need to be
understood in this broader context. On this subject one can consult
works as early as H. G. Kleyn's Jacobus Baradaeus de stichter der
syrische monophysietische Kerk (Leiden, 1882) and as recent as W.H.C.
Frend's The Rise of the Monophysite Movement (Cambridge, 1972).
P. Kawerau's Die jakobitische Kirche im Zeitalter der syrischen Re-
naissance, 2nd ed., (Berlin, 1960) is a useful introduction, while
W. Hage's Die syrisch-jakobitische Kirche in fruhislamitischer Zeit
nach orientalischer Quellen (Wiesbaden, 1966) has a survey of Syriac
sources for this period.
]acobites turned out to be a small minority among the Christians
of Iraq, and the literature on Iraqi ]acobites is not nearly as extensive
as that on Syrian ]acobites. Resistance to Nestorians in the east in the
early sixth century is recorded in the letters of Simeon of Beth Arsham,
edited by Assemani, BO, 1: 364-79; Bedjan, Acta Martyrum et Sanc-
torum, I: 372-97; and Land, Anecdota Syria ca, Ill: 235-42. The
formation of a ] acobite community in Iraq in the late sixth and early
seventh centuries is described in two contemporary biographies pub-
lished with a French translation by F. Nau as "Histoires d'Ab.oud-