Caesar\'s Calendar. Ancient Time and the Beginnings of History (Sather Classical Lectures)

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Christian Synchronistic Chronographers. 31


sees the same four columns: (i) the kings of Alexandria, the Macedonian inheritors
of the Egyptian pharaohs, (ii) the Romans, (iii) the Seleucid kings of Syria and
Asia, the inheritors of the various Asiatic kingdoms, and (iv) the Jews. At the bot-
tom right of the last page, under “93 b.c.e.,” is the announcement of the end of the
kingdom of the Seleucids: Syriae et Asiae regnum defecit(“The kingdom of Syria
and Asia ended”). Accordingly, for the years 48 – 45 b.c.e.(see figure 3), there are
only three time lines, those of the Romans, the Alexandrians, and the Jews. The
year 48 b.c.e.is marked as the first regnal year of Julius Caesar, the first Roman
emperor: Romanorum primus Caius Iulius Caesar;and from now on the Roman col-
umn is counted offin terms of the emperors’ regnal years. In 30 b.c.e., the Alex-
andrian column disappears with Augustus’s conquest of Ptolemaic Egpyt, leaving
only two columns, those of the Romans and the Jews, as for the years 27 – 24 b.c.e.

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