The Convergence of Judaism and Islam. Religious, Scientific, and Cultural Dimensions

External Cultural Influences on the Jewish Community of Izmir r 297

5. Henri Nahum, “Yehudey Izmir BeSof HaMe’a Ha-19 Uvetchilat Hame’a Ha-20,”
   Shorashim BaMizrach 4 (1998): 122–25.


6. David Yelin, “Kehilat Izmir,” HaShiloah  3 (1898): 461.


7. Shmuel Moreh, “Trumatam Shel Yehudey Sepharad LaTe’atron Ba ̔olam HaMus-
   lemi,” in Hevra veTarbut—Yehudey Sepharad Le’achar HaGerush, HaKongres HaBen-
   leumi HaRevi ̔i Leheker Moreshet Sepharad ve HaMizrah, ed. Michel Abitbol, Yom Tov
   Assis, and Galit Hasan Rokem (Jerusalem: Misgav Yerushalayim, 1997), 206.


8. Elena Romero, “Hebetim Dramatiyim VeHevratiyim BaTe’atron HaYehudi-Sepha-
   radi BeTurkia UveArtzot HaBalkan,” Bama 127 (1992): 64.


9. Moreh, “Trumatam Shel,” 206, 209.


10. See Metin And, Drama at the Crossroads: Turkish Performing Arts Link Past and
    Present, East and West (Istanbul: Isis Press, 1991). On the Turkish theater, see also Talat
    S. Halman, Rapture and Revolution: Essays on Turkish Literature (Syracuse: Syracuse
    University Press, 2007), 105–54.


11. Moreh, “Trumatam Shel,” 209.


12. Issac R. Molcho, “Lekorot Kehilot Israel: Konstantinople ve Izmir,” Ozar Yehudey
    Sepharad 10 (1967–68): 23.


13. On the Jewish printing houses, see Gad Nassi, ed., Jewish Journalism and Printing
    Houses in the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey (Istanbul: Isis Press, 2000).


14. Metin And, A History of Theater and Popular Entertainment in Turkey (Ankara:
    Forum Yayinalri, 1963–64), 17–18; Stanford J. Shaw and Ezel Shaw, History of the Ottoman
    Empire and Modern Turkey, 2 vols. (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1977), 2:129.


15. Ralph S. Hattox, Coffee and Coffeehouses: The Origin of a Social Beverage in the
    Medieval Near East (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1985), 107–108.


16. Shaw and Shaw, History of the Ottoman Empire, 2:129.


17. HaMaggid 16 (April 31, 1903): 183.


18. See, e.g., Moshe Yosef Hazan, Krach Shel Romi (Livorno, 1872), siman aleph, daf
    gimmel, ̔amud aleph.


19. El Komersial (The Commercial), March 28, 1907, 3–6.


20. On the group, see Moshe Attias, “HaMshorer Ha ̔Amami Rabbi Avraham Toledo
    ve Yetzirot BeLadino,” Shevet Ve ̔am 2, no. 6 (1970): 117–35. See also Shlomo Rozanes,
    Korot HaYehudim beTurkia uveartzot Qedem, part 5 (Sofia, 1937), 89–95. On the mu-
    sic of the Jews in Spain, see Amnon Shiloah, “Hashira haliturgit haYehudit beSepha-
    rad veHitpathuta,” in Moreshet Sepharad, ed. Haim Beinart (Jerusalem: Magnes, 1992),
    714–25.


21. Moshe Attias, Kansionero Yehudi-Sepharadi (Jerusalem: HaMakhon leHeker Ya-
    hadut Saloniki, 1972), 30.


22. Shmuel Rafael, Ha’Abir ve HaRe ̔aya HaShvuya-Mehqar BaRomansa shel Dovrey
    HaLadino (Ramat Gan: Bar-Ilan University Press, 1998), 13.


23. Yitzhak Levi, “Neginatam shel HaYehudim Yotzey Sepharad,” BaMaaracha 10, no.
    6 (1970): 19.


24. Edwin Seroussi, “HaMusika shel HaShir Ha ̔Amami BeLadino,” Pe ̔amim 77
    (1999): 5, 17.