96 · Gökçe Yurdakul and Y. Michal Bodemann
and puts Milli Görüş members under suspicion. See also Bodemann, “Unter
Verdacht.”
- Interview with M. Y., legal adviser to Milli Görüş, 27 July 2004.
- Nevertheless, the anti-Turkish pogroms have resonated with Jews indi-
vidually. Bodemann reports such an incident where a young Jewish man was
severely shaken by the Mölln pogrom. Y. Michal Bodemann, A Jewish Family in
Germany Today: An Intimate Portrait (Durham: Duke University Press, 2005), 22. - See Navid Kermani, “Distanzierungszwang und Opferrolle,” Die Zeit, 18
November 2004. - In fact, Kermani’s observation is not totally true. There are a significant
number of Turkish engineers and economists who came to study in German
universities and have worked in German factories throughout the years; Nec-
mettin Erbakan, the founder of the Milli Görüş movement, is one of them. These
people may not be “intellectuals” in the sense that Kermani would like, but they
are considered technocrat intellectuals in Turkey. See Nilüfer Göle, Mühendisler
ve Ideoloji (Istanbul: Metis, 1986). Moreover, many Turkish intellectuals came
to Germany in the 1980s to run away from the military coup in Turkey. How-
ever, Kermani is right on one point. France and the United Kingdom had the
opportunity to establish schools in their colonies that educated the population
in French or English. Now they have intellectuals from their colonies who can
communicate perfectly in these languages. Since Germany did not have colo-
nies in this sense, they had fewer intellectuals. - See some research that has been done by Nancy Foner, “Immigrants and
African Americans: Comparative Perspectives on the New York Experience
across Time and Space,” in Host Societies and the Reception of Immigrants, ed. Jef-
frey G. Reitz (La Jolla: Lynne Rienner, 2003), 45–71; Hürriyet Daily Newspaper,
European ed., 2 October 2004; Türkischer Bund Berlin Brandenburg, Arbeitslo-
sigkeit bei Türken Statistik eigene Berechnungen (1997), http://www.tbb-berlin.de.