158 · Daniel J. Schroeter
- At the time that the community was studied in 1950–51, Flamand men-
tions two property owners, equaling about 15 hectars. Diaspora, 86. - One-third of the harvest, according to a source in 1913: A.I.U., Maroc II.B.,
9–13, 29 April 1913, Raphael Danon; usually one-fifth of the harvest, according
to a survey done in 1951: Ittihad, “Oulad Mansour” 1951, Harrus. - Larhmaid, “Jewish Identity.”
- La Porte des Vaux, “Notes sur le peuplement juif du Sous,” Bulletin
Economique et Social du Maroc 15, no. 54 (1952): 456. - E.g., Tagadirt el Boûr. See Edmond Doutté, En tribu (Paris: P. Geuthner,
1914), 54; J.-D. Semach, “Les Saints de l’Atlas,” Paix et Droit, no. 1 (January
1938): 8. - Flamand, Diaspora , 86.
- Larhmaid, “Jewish Identity.”
- Ittihad, “Contribution à l’étude des Juifs dans les territoires du sud (an-
néxe de Taliouine),” Le Capitaine Bontoux, 13 January 1951. - Ittihad, Notes prises par M. Goldenberg.
- Flamand, Diaspora, 52–53, 85–89. Flamand totally ignores the larger
context of Vichy. See also Robin Leonard Bidwell, Morocco under Colonial Rule:
French Administration of Tribal Areas, 1912–1956 (London: Cass, 1973), 184. On
economic measures implemented by Vichy in North Africa generally, see Mi-
chel Abitbol, Les Juifs d’Afrique du Nord sous Vichy (Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose,
1983), 76–79. Whether or not the annulment of rahn was explicitly part of the
discriminatory legislation directed at Jews is not clear. - Bilu and Levy, “Nostalgia and Ambivalence,” 294.
- Derek J. Penslar, Zionism and Technocracy: The Engineering of Jewish Set-
tlement in Palestine, 1870–1918 (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991),
16–18. - Aron Rodrigue, French Jews, Turkish Jews: The Alliance Israélite Universelle
and the Politics of Jewish Schooling in Turkey, 1860–1925 (Bloomington: Indiana
University Press, 1990), 17, 56. - “Ferme-école de Djédeida,” Bulletin de l’Alliance Israélite Universelle (1895):
111–25; Paul Silberman, “An Investigation of the Schools Operated by the Alli-
ance Israélite Universelle from 1862 to 1940” (PhD diss., New York University,
1974), 148–51. - Michael M. Laskier, The Alliance Israélite Universelle and the Jewish Com-
munities of Morocco, 1862–1962 (Albany: SUNY Press, 1983), 128–29. - AIU, Maroc II.B., 9–13, 29 April 1913, Raphael Danon.
- Laskier, The Alliance, 261–65.
- For a personal testimony on the significance of this venture, see Élias
Harrus and Sarita Harrus, Témoins associés à l’œuvre de l’Alliance au Maroc (Paris:
Nadir, 2003), 87. - Ittihad, “Oulad Mansour,” 1951, Harrus.
- Bilu and Levy, “Nostalgia and Ambivalence,” 300–309.
- Tom Segev, 1949: The First Israelis (New York: Free Press, 1986), 168.