Ethnicity and Geography 309Macedonian expansion into the Aegean littoral, and the west, where Greek communities
were swallowed up by the growing Roman state. While irredentism has been a recurrent
aspect of Greek thought in the modern era, with occasional negative consequences for
the stability of the modern Greek nation, it is not a concept that can be identified in
ancient Greek self-conceptions. The mobility of Greek communities, and the importance
of that mobility in their understanding of themselves, by and large limited such absolute
claims to territory. While Greek cities felt a connection with their land, fought for
control and continued possession of it, and could deploy that connection in their
assertion of community identity, the tie to the land was never as powerful a formative
factor in shaping ethnic identity as the general theories of ethnic identity would lead one
to believe.
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