338 Corinne Bonnet
show the capacity of merchants originally from Carthage to interact with local authorities.
Indeed, the king of Caere, Tefarie Velianas, conducted, in around 500BC,rites in honor
of Ashtart, rendered into Etruscan by the theonym Uni, according to typical Phoenician
practice. Commercial needs, it seems, prompted the dynamics of “the middle ground,”
which in turn generated complex and blended perceptions and representations of iden-
tity. Whether one is dealing with Sicily, Sardinia, or Spain, one can see local élites, who
surely controlled access to the raw materials desired by Phoenicians and Punic people
(metals in particular), employing strategies of social distinction that involve the display
of objects or “exotic” practices, deemed the most refined and prestigious. Following the
work of Marshall Sahlins (see, especially, Sahlins 1995), we should no longer think of the
indigenes renouncing their native culture: quite the opposite, whenever ideas or objects
are introduced from outside, once they have been domesticated or indigenized, they
contribute to the development of local cultures.
REFERENCESAnello, Pietrina, Guiseppe Martorana, and Roberto Sammartano, eds. 2006.Ethne e religioni nella
Sicilia antica. Roma: Giorgio Bretschneider.
Antonetti, Claudia and Stefania De Vido. 2006. “Cittadini, non cittadini e stranieri nei santu-
ari della Malophoros e del Meilichios di Selinunte.” In Alessandro Naso, ed.,Stranieri e non
cittadini nei santuari greci. Atti del Convegno internazionale, 410–51. Grassina: Mondadori
Education.
Bastenier, Albert. 2004.Qu’est-ce qu’une société ethnique? Ethnicité et racisme dans les sociétés
européennes d’immigration. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
Bonnet, Corinne. 2009. “Appréhender les Phéniciens en Sicile. Pour une relecture de l’ “Archéolo-
gie sicilienne” de Thucydide (VI, 1, 1–2).”Pallas, 79: 27–40.
Bonnet, Corinne. 2011. “Le destin féminin de Carthage.”Pallas, 85: 19–29.
Bonnet, Corinne and Adeline Grand-Clément. 2010. “La ‘barbarisation de l’ennemi’: la parenté
entre Phéniciens et Carthaginois dans l’historiographie grecque relative à la Sicile.” In Daniela
Bonanno, Corinne Bonnet, Nicola Cusumano, and Sandra Péré-Noguès, eds.,Alleanze e par-
entele. Le “affinità elettive” nella storiografia sulla Sicilia antica, 161–77. Caltanissetta: Sciascia
Editore.
Boissinot, Philippe. 2011.L’archéologie comme discipline. Paris: Seuil.
Cardete del Olmo, Maria Cruz. 2010. Paisaje, identidad y religión: imágenes de la Sicilia antigua.
Barcelona: Bellaterra.
Cusumano, Nicola. 2006. “Osservazioni su Zeus Meilichios.”Mètis, 4: 165–92.
Cusumano, Nicola. 2010. “La passione dell’odio e la violenza correttiva. Greci e Cartaginesi in
Sicilia (409–396 a.C.).” In Valeria Andò and Nicola Cusumano, eds.,Come bestie? Forme e
paradossidellaviolenzatramondoanticoedisagiocontemporaneo, 141–63. Caltanissetta: Sciascia
Editore.
Cusumano, Nicola. 2013. “Fabriquer un culte ethnique. Écriture rituelle et généalogies mythiques
dans le sanctuaire des Paliques en Sicile.”Revue de l’Histoire des religions, 167–84.
De Simone, Rossana. 2010. “Selinunte punica.” In Sebastiano Tusa, ed.,Selinunte, 179–88.
Roma: L’erma di Bretschneider.
Di Stefano, C. Angela. 2009. La necropoli punica di Palermo: dieci anni di scavi nell’area della
Caserma Tuköry. Roma: Fabrizio Serra Editore.
Falsone, Gioacchino. 1995. “Sicile.” In Véronique Krings, ed.,La civilisation phénicienne et
punique. Manuel de recherche, 674–97. Leiden: Brill.