references25 Donald N. Wilber, Afghanistan: Its People, its Society, its Culture
(New Haven, ct, 1962), p. 239.
26 Amin Saikal, Modern Afghanistan: A History of Struggle and Survival
(London and New York, 2004), p. 107.
27 Nasiri and Khalili, eds, Memoirs of Khalilullah Khalili, pp. 434–9.
28 See M. Halim Tanwir, Afghanistan: History, Diplomacy and Journalism
(Bloomington, in, 2012), vol. i, pp. 171–4; Dupree, Afghanistan, p. 495.
29 The date of the Balkhi coup is uncertain: Nasiri and Khalili, eds, Memoirs of
Khalilullah Khalili, pp. 450–55, gives no date; Gilles Dorronsoro, Revolution
Unending: Afghanistan, 1979 to the Present (New York, 2005), p. 55, n. 85, has
1946; Tanwir, Afghanistan, vol. i, pp. 174–5, implies it was in the autumn of
- I have followed Hafizullah Emadi, Dynamics of Political Development
in Afghanistan: The British, Russian, and American Invasions (New York and
London, 2010).
30 Daveen Gartenstein-Ross and Tara Vassefi, ‘The Forgotten History of
Afghanistan-Pakistan Relations’, Yale Journal of International Affairs, vii/1
(2012), pp. 38–45, available at http://yalejournal.org, accessed 24 October
2 0 1 7.
31 Arnold Fletcher, Afghanistan: Highway of Conquest (Ithaca, ny, 1965), p. 253.
32 Hasan Ali Shah Kafri, Indo-Afghan Relations (1949–1962) (New Delhi, 1976),
p. 64, and Appendix i.
33 Hunter, The Past Present, p. 346.
34 The seato Treaty is also known as the Manila Pact, cento as the Baghdad
Pact. For texts of these agreements, see The Avalon Project: Documents
in Law, History and Diplomacy, http://avalon.law.yale.edu/, accessed
24 October 2017.
35 ‘Ward to Department of State, Afghan Agitation Regarding Pushtunistan’,
Kabul, 21 July 1953; ‘Memorandum of Conversation by the Officer in Charge
of Pakistan-Afghanistan Affairs (Thatcher)’, Washington, dc, 18 September
1954, frus, 1952–1954, vol. xi/2, ‘Africa and South Asia’, nos 846, 859,
https://history.state.gov.
36 ‘Ward to Department of State’, Kabul, 2 December 1954, frus, 1952–1954,
vol. xi/2, no. 874.
37 For the Soviet aide-memoire and the Afghan government response, see
‘Horner to Department of State’, Kabul, 9 September 1952 (2 telegrams), and
‘Secretary of State to Embassy in Kabul’, Washington, dc, 12 September 1952
and sequential correspondence, frus 1952–1954, vol. xi/2, nos 882–91. For
the quote ending ‘recent history’, see ‘The Charge d'Affairs (Horner) to the
Department of State’, 9 September 1952, frus, xi/2, no. 883.
38 Dupree, Afghanistan, p. 522.
39 Wilson, North from Kabul, p. 134.
40 M. Husain Kakar, Afghanistan: The Soviet Invasion and the Afghan Response,
1979–1982 (Berkeley, ca, and London, 1995), p. 53.
41 ‘Revision of Constitution’, Kabul Times, 1 April 1963, p. 2; ‘Us and
Democracy’, Kabul Times, 2 April 1963, p. 3, http://digitalcommons.
unomaha.edu.
42 For the text of the Constitution of 1964, see http://digitalcommons.unl.edu.