afghanistanShaikh ‘Ali Hazaras 151, 153, 392,
508
Shami Pir (Sa‘adi al-Jailani) 532
sharī‘a (Islamic law)/Hanafi mazhab
149, 335, 405, 416, 431, 443, 508,
514, 561, 622, 636
and Constitution, judiciary 32–3,
66, 113, 198, 414, 473, 474, 476,
478, 503, 512, 514, 561
and Islamists 121, 363, 512, 565,
252–3, 476, 478, 564, 565, 566,
614, 630, 636, 657, 694
appeals to 43, 147, 149, 280, 282,
350, 399, 440, 479, 515–16, 534,
638
gender roles 43, 45, 561, 695
non-Muslims under 147, 206, 399,
473, 479, 497
reformers views of 416, 432, 438,
439, 442, 549, 673, 694
Shelton, Brigadier General John
260–61, 278, 279, 289, 291, 292,
299, 305
Sher ‘Ali Khan (Sardār) 376, 378, 379
Sher ‘Ali Khan (Amir) 309, 310, 317,
325–6, 343, 359, 384, 360–63
and Britain 332–3, 334–5, 336–8,
340–41, 343, 344, 349–52, 355,
358, 395
and civil war (1863–8) 323–4,
32 8–30
and Russia, Afghan Turkistan 337,
341, 343, 350, 355, 356–7, 359
Sher Dil Khan 176, 180, 187, 188
Sher Dil Khan, Loynab 340, 418
Sher Muhammad Khan Bamizai 165,
166, 167, 169–70, 173, 179, 309
Sher Shah Suri 51, 56–7, 65
Sherpur 338, 339, 374–5, 382
Shi‘as, Shi’ism 26, 33–4, 35, 73–4, 89,
111, 153, 397, 399 , 494, 497, 600; see
also Qizilbash
anti-Shi’a repressions 164, 165,
187, 188, 206, 298, 399, 503, 504,
640
Shibarghan 22, 134, 236–7, 314, 328, 377,
495, 556, 557, 619, 638
Shikapur 193, 209, 226, 233, 234, 300
Shora-yi Nizar 649, 653, 655, 666; see
also Mas‘ud, Ahmad Shah
Shuja‘ al-Mulk (Shah) 104, 158, 162,
175–6, 251 , 497, 295
alliance with Sikhs 205, 226
and British relations 198, 204–5,
226, 228, 237, 246, 247, 249, 252,
258, 259, 265
and Elphinstone Mission 170–74,
175
and First Afghan War 236, 237,
241, 242, 246, 247, 252, 253, 254,
268, 269, 273, 281, 2 85
and Tripartite Treaty 226, 229, 237,
284
first reign 165, 166 , 167, 169–70,
17 5–6
fiscal/military reforms 233,
252, 259, 264–5, 266–7, 268,
272–3
Indian exile 163, 174–5, 196
‘Shrine and Sheaf ’ emblem 106, 108 ,
109, 110
Shinwaris 21, 114, 162, 298, 385, 475,
488, 491, 502, 503, 505, 575, 657
Shiraz 39, 101, 107, 168
Sho‘la-yi Jawed 563, 571, 575, 563–4
shrines, shrine cults 38–9, 40, 98 , 106,
309 , 313
sigar 670–71, 674, 680, 681
Sikhs 40, 182, 184, 368, 455, 169, 190,
192, 206–7, 226, 308, 312; see also
Ranjit Singh
wars with Afghans 122, 126,
127–30, 148, 150, 159, 161, 181–3,
184–5, 205–8, 209–10
Simla Conference 341–3, 361, 382
Simonich, Count Ivan 217, 218, 227
Sind 26, 28, 64, 86, 101, 106–7, 149, 150,
194, 209, 233–4, 306, 463
Sirhind 37, 121, 126, 129
Sistan 17, 28, 102, 541, 336, 342, 523,
545, 576
Sitam-i Milli 564
slave trade/slavery 95, 192, 198, 204,
262, 264, 307, 363, 404