The \'German Spirit\' in the Ottoman and Turkish Army, 1908-1938. A History of Military Knowledge Transfer - Gerhard Grüßhaber

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giftoforation”inthecrowdedbeerhalls.¹⁵⁴Afterthepublicationofthosearti-
cles,heevenmetAdolfHitlerinpersonandwasimpressedbythismanwho
was“loadenwithelectricity”.¹⁵⁵HitlerwasmainlyinterestedinTröbst’sTurkish
experience.However,Tröbsthadgainedaccesstothoseright-wingcirclesbyhis
officerrankfromtheImperialarmy,andintheseweeksinMunichTröbstrather
usedideasfromhistimeintheFreikorps.
Asafirststeptowardsarevolution,Tröbstseriouslyconsideredtheideato
raidthehomesofthemembersoftheBavariangovernment.Dressedinfakepo-
liceuniforms,heintendedtokidnaporexecutethosepoliticiansbyasquadse-
lectedfromtheright-wingveteranorganizations.However,hesoonrealizedthat
theprospectsofanuprisingwerenotpromisingsincetheBavarianpoliceand
thelocalReichswehrunitswouldsuppressanyattempttocometopower.In
theend,Tröbsthadanunexpectedblessingindisguise.HewassenttoBerlin
byLudendorffinanurgentmatterandreturnedtoMunichinthemorningof
9November 1923 whentheputschwasclosetofailure.
Duetotheinvolvementofseveralofficers,whohadeitherservedintheOtto-
manarmyorhadtoseekrefugeinTurkishserviceaftertheeventsofNovember
1923 ,theHitlerputschdeservesmoreattentionhere.


BetweentheFronts:AnkarainMunich


TheformerGermanMilitaryRepresentativeintheOttomanEmpire,OttovonLos-
sow,wasagoodexamplefortheassesementofGeroldvonGleich“thatsome
Germans wereused tolearning morefrom theTurks thantheother way
around.”¹⁵⁶DuringhisemploymentattheGermanembassyinConstantinople
in 1916 ,theBavarianGeneralhadprovokedtheambassadorWolffMetternich
afterhehaddiscussedsensitivematterswithEnverPasha.FortheGermandip-
lomat,thiswasan“uncomprehendinglyexcessofmilitarism[...].Asergeantwho


ForTröbst’sadmirationofHitlerseeTröbst,DieEreignisseinMünchen,n.p.;ontheMunich
venuesoftheNationalSocialistandVölkischmovementseealsoSusanneMeinl,“Bühneund
Schauplatz-KulisseundSchlachtfeld.MünchenerBierkelleralspolitischeOrte1 919 – 194 5,”in
Bier.Macht.München: 500 JahreMünchnerReinheitsgebotinBayern,ed.UrsulaEymold(Munich:
SüddeutscheZeitungEdition, 20 15), 118 – 12 1.
Tröbst,DieEreignisseinMünchen,n.p.;cf.alsothereproductionofHitler’sinvitationletter
inIbid.
Gleich,“FeldzuginderTürkei 1916 ,”32.


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