The End of the Cold War. 1985-1991

NOTES 601

35: Revolution in Eastern Europe

1. Party International Department to A. N. Yakovlev, February 1989: National
   Security Archive, End of the Cold War series, Box A8.


2. Politburo meeting, 12 March 1989: Anatoli Chernyaev Papers (RESCA), box
   1, p. 31.


3. A. Chernyaev, Sovmestnyi iskhod. Dnevnik dvukh epokh. 1971–1991 gody,
   p. 787 (3 April 1989).


4. See M. Kramer, ‘Gorbachev and the Demise of East European Communism’,
   in S. Pons and F. Romero (eds), Reinterpreting the End of the Cold War. Issues,
   Interpretations, Periodizations, p. 188.


5. T. G. Stepanov-Mamaladze diary, 20 May 1989: T. G. Stepanov-Mamaladze
   Papers (HIA), box 5.


6. J. Attali, Ve r b a t i m, vol. 3: Chronique des années 1988–1991, p. 241 (conversa-
   tion between F. Mitterrand and G. H. W. Bush, 20 May 1989).


7. See A. Paczkowski, The Spring Will Be Ours: Poland and the Poles from
   Occupation to Freedom, pp. 507–8.


8. The first serious reference is made on 16 August; and what is more, no men-
   tion appears in that entry to Shevardnadze’s personal reaction: T. G.
   Stepanov-Mamaladze working notes in T. G. Stepanov-Mamaladze Papers
   (HIA), box 2.


9. Andrei Kozyrev’s testimony: R. Braithwaite, ‘Moscow Diary’, 12 April 1991.


10. T. G. Stepanov-Mamaladze diary, 9 June 1989: T. G. Stepanov-Mamaladze
    Papers (HIA), box 5.


11. M. S. Gorbachëv to the Political Consultative Committee in Bucharest
    (Soviet record), 7 July 1989, p. 2: PHPCS.


12. Ibid., pp. 7–8.


13. Ibid., pp. 11–13.


14. Ibid., p. 22.


15. Conversation between M. S. Gorbachëv and F. Mitterrand (Moscow),
    25 November 1988: Otvechaya na vyzov vremeni: Vneshnyaya politika
    perestroiki: Dokumental’nye svidetel’stva, p. 400.


16. M. S. Gorbachëv to the Political Consultative Committee in Bucharest
    (Soviet record), 7 July 1989, p. 25: PHPCS.


17. W. Jaruzelski to the Political Consultative Committee in Bucharest (East
    German record, translated into English), 7 July 1989, pp. 1–5: ibid.


18. Memcon, meeting of G. H. W. Bush and W. Jaruzelski, 10 July 1989, pp. 1–3:
    http://bushlibrary.tamu.edu/research/pdfs/memcons_telcons/1989-07-10--
    Jaruzelski.pdf


19. Memcon, meeting of G. H. W. Bush and M. Rakowski, 10 July 1989, p. 3: ibid.


20. Memcon, meeting of G. H. W. Bush and M. Németh, 12 July 1989, p. 3: http://
    bushlibrary.tamu.edu/research/pdfs/memcons_telcons/1989-07-12--
    Nemeth.pdf


21. Memcon, meeting of G. H. W. Bush and I. Poszgay, 12 July 1989, p. 2: http://