- France- Turkey, Draft Treaty of Amity and Commerce, Feb. 1536, in J. C. Hure-
witz, Th e Middle East and North Africa in World Politics: A Documentary Record, vol.
1, 2nd ed. (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1975), 1– 6. - Th omas Naff , “Th e Ottoman Empire and Eu rope,” in Th e Expansion of Interna-
tional Society, ed. Hedley Bull and Adam Watson, 143– 69 (Oxford: Clarendon Press,
1984), 146– 47; and Norman Housley, Th e Later Crusades, 1274– 1580: From Lyons to
Alcazar (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992), 132– 34. - Naff , “Ottoman Empire,” 148.
- Hugo Grotius, Commentary on the Law of Prize and Booty, trans. Gwladys Wil-
liams (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1950 [1606]), 315– 17. - See Chapter 2.
- Quoted in Bernice Hamilton, Po liti cal Th ought in Sixteenth- Century Spain: A
Study of the Po liti cal Ideas of Vitoria, De Soto, Suárez, and Molina (Ox ford: Clarendon
Press, 1963), 100. - Vitoria, “On the American Indians,” in Po liti cal Writings, 280– 81.
- On Isidore and the dualist theory, see Chapter 2.
- Vitoria, “On the American Indians,” 281.
- Vitoria, “On Civil Power,” in Po liti cal Writings, 40.
- See also Hamilton, Po liti cal Th ought, 104– 5; and Brian Tierney, “Vitoria and
Suárez on Ius gentium, Natural Law, and Custom,” in Amanda Perreau- Saussine and
James Bernard Murphy, eds., Th e Nature of Customary Law: Legal, Historical and
Philosophical Perspectives, 101– 24 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007),
110 – 14. - On Suárez, see L. Rolland, “Suárez,” in Pillet, ed., Fondateurs, 95– 124; and La
Pradelle, Maîtres et doctrines, 49– 70. - Francisco Suárez, A Treatise on Laws and God the Lawgiver, in Selections from
Th ree Works of Francisco Suárez, trans. Gwladys L. Williams, Ammi Brown, and John
Waldron (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1944 [1612]), 48. - Ibid., 44– 45.
- On Isidore, see Chapter 2.
- Suárez, Treatise on Laws, 222– 23.
- Ibid., 331. On the medieval emanationist position, see Chapter 2.
- Ibid., 47.
- Ibid., 44– 45, 48.
- Ibid., 326.
- Ibid., 332.
- Ibid., 347.
- Ibid.
- On the original meaning of ius gentium in Roman law, see Chapter 1.
- Suárez, Treatise on Laws, 342.
- Ibid., 354– 56.
- Ibid., 349.
Notes to Pages 150–156 507