Justice among Nations. A History of International Law - Stephen C. Neff

580 Bibliographic Essay

French Declaration of Peace of 1790, see David A. Bell, Th e First Total War: Napoleon’s
Eu rope and the Birth of Modern Warfare (Bloomsbury, 2007), 87– 109; and Belissa,
Fraternité universelle, at 179– 97. On the Abbé Grégoire’s codifi cation plan, see Belissa,
Fraternité universelle, 365– 77, 419– 20. On legal justifi cations for the wars of that pe-
riod, an invaluable study is T. C. W. Blanning, Th e Origins of the French Revolutionary
Wars (Longman, 1986). See also Patricia Chastain Howe, Foreign Policy and the
French Revolution: Charles- Francois Dumouriez, Pierre Lebrun, and the Belgian Plan,
1789– 1793 (Palgrave Macmillan, 2008). On neutrality issues during the wars, see
W. Alison Phillips and Arthur H. Reede, Neutrality: Its History, Economics and Law.
Th e Napoleonic Period (Columbia University Press, 1936).
On the contribution of Jeremy Bentham to international law, see Mark W. Janis,
“Jeremy Bentham and the Fashioning of ‘International Law,’ ” 78 AJIL 405– 18 (1984);
and Georg Schwarzenberger, “Bentham’s Contribution to International Law and Or-
ganisation,” in George W. Keeton and Georg Schwarzenberger (eds.), Jeremy Bentham
and the Law: A Symposium (Stevens and Sons, 1948) , 152– 84. On Bentham’s plan for
world peace, see Hemleben, Plans for World Peace, 82– 87. For an admirable study of
William Scott’s legal career, see generally Henry Bourguignon, Sir William Scott, Lord
Stowell: Judge of the High Court of Admiralty (Cambridge University Press, 1987), es-
pecially 115– 242, where his contributions to prize law are discussed.

6. Breaking with the Past
   On international law in the nineteenth century, see generally Alexander Orakhelash-
   vili, “Th e 19th- Century Life of International Law,” in Alexander Orakhelashvili (ed.),
   Research Handbook on the Th eory and History of International Law, 441– 55 (Edward
   Elgar, 2011); Miloš Vec, “From the Congress of Vienna to the Paris Peace Treaties of
   1919,” in Bardo Fassbender and Anne Peters (eds.), Th e Oxford Handbook of the His-
   tory of International Law, 654– 78 (Oxford University Press, 2012); David Kennedy,
   “International Law and the Nineteenth Century: History of an Illusion,” 65 Nordic J.
   Int’l L. 385– 420 (1996); and Martti Koskenniemi, Th e Gentle Civilizer of Nations: Th e
   Rise and Fall of International Law 1870– 1960 (Cambridge University Press, 2001). On
   international law in Britain in the period, see Casper Sylvest, “International Law in
   Nineteenth- Century Britain,” 75 BYBIL 9– 70 (2004).
   On positivism in general, see Antony Anghie, Imperialism, Sovereignty and the
   Making of International Law (Cambridge University Press, 2007), 40– 52. As usual,
   there is uneven coverage of individual writers. Austin, for example, has received sur-
   prisingly little detailed attention, considering his central role in the development of
   positivism in law. See W. L. Morison, John Austin (Edward Arnold, 1982), a critical
   work that gives brief attention to Austin’s views on international law. See also Wilfrid
   E. Rumble, Doing Austin Justice: Th e Reception of John Austin’s Philosophy of Law in
   Nineteenth- Century En gland (Continuum, 2005); Wilfried Löwenhaupt, Politischer
   Utilitarismus und bürgerliches Rechtsdenken: John Austin (1790– 1859) und die Philoso-