Treaty of Mutual Alliance among France, Spain, and Mantua
force yet againft the aggreffor, that fhall be fufficient to deter-
mine the cafe. But this article fhall only be applicable to
occafions that may happen hereafter. And for the prefent, the
fupply of 12000 men fhall march towards their High Mightin-
effes frontiers, as foon as the treaty is figned, according to the
l0th article.
XIV. And to the end that no broil may happen hereafter
between his majefty the king of Denmark, and their High
Mightineffes, on the account of commerce, it is now agreed,
that the project of the treaty of commerce and toll of the year
1692, upon which a negotiation was entered into, firft at Copen-
hagen, and afterwards at the Hague, shall be reaffumed,
adjufted, concluded and figned, at the fame time as this.
XV. This alliance fhall fubfift for the fpace of ten years, com-
puting from the day of figning this treaty ; and the alliances of
1690 and 1696, which are renewed by this treaty, fhall alfo con-
tinue ten years.
XVI. The Emperor fhall be invited to enter into this alliance ;
and if the king of Pruffia, the houfe of Lunenburg, or that of
Heffe Caffel, defire to be included in it, the high allies fhall be at
their liberty to confent to it, when they are agreed among one
another, on the conditions upon which the faid powers may be
received into it.
XVII. For the fuller explanation of all the claufes of this
prefent treaty, relating to the fums for raifing, maintaining,
tranfporting, marching, recruiting, and fending back the troops
mentioned in the 10th article, it is exprefsly ftipulated, that his
majefty the king of Great Britain fhall pay all thofe charges
when the faid troops are in his fervice, and that the States Gen-
eral fhall pay them when they are in the fervice of their High
Mightineffes.
XVIII. The ratifications of this prefent treaty fhall be
exchanged at Copenhagen, in fix weeks from the day of figning
it, on the part of his majefty the king of Great Britain, and in
four weeks on the part of the States General.
In witnefs whereof we have figned this treaty, and thereunto
affixed the feals of our arms.
(L.S.) H. GREG.
Done at Odenfee,the 20th of Jan. 1701.2.1047 Treaty of Mutual Alliance among
France, Spain, and Mantua
Alliance Members:France and Spain
Signed On:February 24, 1701, in the city of Venice
Alliance Type:Defense Pact (Type I)
Source:Consolidated Treaty Series,vol. 23, p. 213.
SUMMARY
The succession of young Phillip of Anjou to the Spanish throne gave
his grandfather, Louis XIV from the House of Bourbon, considerable
influence in Spain. However, the inclination for Louis XIV to expand
his French territorial holdings against the wishes of England and the
Dutch Republic, combined with attempts from Austria to restore
Hapsburg control over Spain, eventually developed into the War of the
Spanish Succession.
On February 19, 1701, Phillip of Anjou entered Madrid to a joyous
scene in which he was crowned King Phillip V. Meanwhile, Louis XIV
as well as opponents were bracing for an inevitable war, and they
entered into a multitude of alliance arrangements. Five days after
Phillip V arrived in Madrid for his coronation, Spain and France solid-
ified their mutual support with an alliance.Description of Terms
The original text in Spanish provided for a defensive alliance
between the signatories. Spanish ratification, effected by the
king of Spain at Buen Retiro, occurred on March 19, 1701.2.1048 Treaty of Alliance between France and
Bavaria
Alliance Members:France and Bavaria; Spain acceded to treaty on
April 7, 1701
Signed On:March 9, 1701, in the city of Versailles
Alliance Type:Defense Pact (Type I)
Source:Consolidated Treaty Series,vol. 23, p. 261.SUMMARY
In March 1701, the French signed a secret treaty with Bavaria. In
exchange for supporting the French side in the War of the Spanish
Succession, the Bavarians received various subsidies and payments
from France. The alliance with Bavaria also gave the French easy access
to the Danube valley for a military campaign against Vienna.
Bavarian participation in the War of the Spanish Succession was
short-lived. The Bavarians, along with French forces, were routed in
the Battle of Blenheim in August 1704. While France was pushed back
from the Rhine as a consequence, Bavaria exited the war completely.Description of Terms
There will be a sincere friendship between Bavaria and France.
The principal goal of the alliance is to preserve the peace estab-
lished in the Treaty of Westphalia. Bavaria promises that if war
were to occur, it would protect the right to the throne of the
king’s grandson, Philip V. Because Bavarian troops have not
recovered and are not capable of launching an offensive action,
should war occur, they would remain in a defensive position
until ready. As soon as the Bavarian troops recover, Bavaria will
do everything in its power to ensure that the enemy of Spain
and France cannot go through its territory or supply itself. The
very Catholic Majesty pledges to reimburse Bavaria for any lost
land that this alliance might cause to Bavaria. The alliance will
last ten years.