Treaty of Amity and Alliance among Austria, Prussia, and Sardinia
Description of Terms
The parties pledged a sincere friendship and union as well as
good correspondence. Both countries guaranteed all mutual
possessions, but the guarantee would not extend to controver-
sies not yet settled with other countries, especially boundary-
related issues.
If diplomacy failed to stop a conflict from occurring, the
assisting country would provide aid, after two months notifica-
tion. If Poland were attacked, Prussia would provide 14,000
infantrymen, 4,000 cavalry men, and the artillery proportional
to that number of soldiers. If Prussia were attacked, Poland
would provide 8,000 infantrymen, 4,000 cavalry men, and the
artillery proportional to the number of troops. The assistance
would be paid by the assisting country although the attacked
country would provide bread for free. If the attacked preferred
monetary aid, then such aid could be done for 20,000 ducats of
Holland per year for every 1,000 infantrymen and 26,160
ducats of Holland per year for every 1,000 cavalry men. If
Poland preferred to give its aid in wheat, the wheat would be
evaluated according to the current price in Poland. If this aid
would not be enough, Prussia would raise its assistance to
30,000 men and Poland to 20,000 men. The auxiliary troops
would be under the command of the attacked country but
under the orders of their own generals. The auxiliary troops
would not be exposed to dangers greater than those faced by
other troops.
2.1104 Treaty of Amity and Alliance among
Austria, Prussia, and Sardinia
Alliance Members:Austria, Prussia, and Sardinia
Signed On:February 7, 1792, in the city of Berlin
Alliance Type:Defense Pact (Type I)
Source:Consolidated Treaty Series,vol. 51, p. 287.
SUMMARY
Prussia and Austria signed an alliance in February 1792 in expectation
of a future conflict with the French. Both Prussia and Austria had a
general interest in supporting the French monarchy, made particularly
salient for Austria as Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor, was a brother
of Marie Antoinette. France interpreted the alliance signed between
Prussia and Austria as provocative and declared war on Austria on
April 1792. By July, Prussia and Austria were fighting side by side
against the French.
Prussia’s foray into the French Revolutionary Wars was short-lived.
After the Dutch Republic fell to the French in early 1795, Prussia
decided to leave the war. The Peace of Basel was signed in April 1795
between Prussia and France; afterward, Prussia remained neutral for
the duration of the French Revolutionary Wars.
Description of Terms
Austria and Prussia pledged a friendship, communication, and
a sincere union between them. All the past treaties, mainly
Breslau, Dresden, Hubertsbourg, and Tefchen, were considered
reinforced by this alliance, and the allies guaranteed each other’s
possessions.
The allies pledged to work together for the maintenance of
tranquility. If one side were attacked, the other would provide
15,000 infantrymen and 5,000 men of cavalry. This aid would
be provided two months after the requisition. The assisting
country would pay for the troops except for the food. If the
attacked preferred monetary aid, such aid could be delivered
with 60,000 écus in white silver per year for every thousand
infantrymen and 30,000 écus in white silver per year for every
thousand cavalry men. If this aid were not enough, the allies
would revise the amount.
Russia, the two maritime powers, and Saxony would be
invited to join this treaty. The allies promised not to make
another treaty without notifying the other, and the allies
pledged to try to maintain the Germanic constitution.2.1105 Treaty of Alliance between England and
Sardinia
Alliance Members:England and Sardinia
Signed On:April 25, 1793, in the city of London
Alliance Type:Defense Pact (Type I)
Source:Consolidated Treaty Series,vol. 52, p. 23.SUMMARY
The execution of Louis XVI in January 1793 outraged the rest of
Europe and initiated a series of alliances that pitted most of Europe
against the French Republic. England in particular entered the fray in
early 1793, although it initially supported revolutionary France. To
assist Europe against the French, the British signed an April 1793
treaty in London promising subsidies to Victor Amadeus III, the king
of Sardinia, who was constantly under siege by French forces during
the early stages of the Wars of the First Coalition.
The kingdom of Sardinia was of course no match for France. French
forces quickly overran much ofPiedmont, forcing Victor Amadeus III
to cede most of the territory to France. Sardinia was forced out of the
First Coalition at the Treaty of Paris in 1796, and Victor Amadeus III
died shortly after the treaty with France was signed.Description of Terms
The two contracting parties pledged to make war against the
French Republic. England would pay the king of Sardinia an
annual subsidy equal to 200,000 pounds to support the king’s
war efforts. England further pledged that it would not make a
separate peace with France until Sardinia was restored to its
original territories.