Treaty between Peru and Bolivia
Co-operation of France with Great Britain in case of Vio-
lation of Neutrality of Belgium by Prussia.
ART. II. His Majesty the Emperor of the French agrees on his
part, in the event provided for in the foregoing Article, to co-
operate with Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, employing his Naval and Military
Forces for the purpose aforesaid; and, the case arising, to con-
cert with Her Majesty the measures which shall be taken, sepa-
rately or in common, to secure the Neutrality and Indepen-
dence of Belgium.
Treaty to be Binding until conclusion of a Treaty of Peace
between France and Prussia.
ART. III. This Treaty shall be binding on the High Contracting
Parties during the continuance of the present War between
France and the North German Confederation and its Allies, and
for 12 months after the Ratification of any Treaty of Peace con-
cluded between those Parties; and on the expiration of that time
the Independence and Neutrality of Belgium will, so far as the
High Contracting Parties are respectively concerned, continue
to rest, as heretofore, on Article I of the Quintuple Treaty of the
19th April, 1839.
ART. IV. The present Treaty shall be ratified, and the Ratifica-
tions shall be exchanged at London as soon as possible.
In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have
signed the same, and have affixed thereto the Seal of their Arms.
Done at London, the 11th of August, 1870.
(L.S.) GRANVILLE.
(L.S.) LA VALETTE.
3.1188 Treaty between Peru and Bolivia
Alliance Members:Peru and Bolivia
Signed On:February 6, 1873, in the city of Lima. In force until Octo-
ber 20, 1883, after Peru and Bolivia lost the War of the Pacific against
Chile.
Alliance Type:Defense Pact (Type I)
Source:Consolidated Treaty Series,vol. 145, p. 484.
SUMMARY
Seeking to combine their efforts to balance Chilean power in South
America, Bolivia and Peru signed a defense pact on February 6, 1873.
The alliance remained peaceful for six years; but in 1879, the Bolivian
president rescinded a contract that had allowed for exclusive Chilean
exploitation of nitrate deposits in the province of Atacama, prompting
a Chilean invasion of the province and occupation of Antofagasta.
When Bolivia declared war two weeks later and Peru refused Chilean
demands to remain neutral, Chile declared war on Peru as well in
what would be known as the War of the Pacific. By 1880, Chile had
managed to establish naval dominance on the Pacific and capture
large pieces of Bolivian and Peruvian territory, including Lima.
Despite years of guerrilla fighting, the allies failed to reverse the thor-
ough Chilean victory, and Peru’s signing of the Treaty of Ancón in
1883 signaled the formal end of the alliance after years of it being
effectively meaningless. Bolivia would sign its own peace accord with
Chile in 1884, although a final treaty would not be signed until 1904.Alliance Text
THE Republics of Bolivia and Peru, desirous to cement in
solemn manner the bonds that unite them, to increase thus
their strength, and mutually guarantee one another certain
rights, have drawn up the present Treaty of Defensive Alliance,
to which end the President of Bolivia has invested with ample
powers to conduct the said negotiation, Juan de la Cruz
Benavente, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
in Peru ; and the President of Peru has conferred the same upon
Jose de la Riva Aguero, Minister of Foreign Affairs, who have
agreed upon the following stipulations : —
ART. I. The Contracting Parties will unite and join to mutu-
ally guarantee their independence, sovereignty, and the integrity
of their respective territories, binding themselves by the terms
of the present Treaty to defend themselves against all foreign
aggression, whether proceeding from another or other inde-
pendent States, or from a force, without a flag, owing obedience
to no recognized Power.
II. The alliance will become effective to protect the rights
expressed ill the preceding Article, and particularly in cases of
offence consisting : 1st. In acts tending to deprive either of the
Contracting Parties of a portion of their territory, in order to
assume dominion over it, or to yield it to another Power. 2ndly.
In acts tending to oblige either of the Contracting Parties to
submit to a protectorate, sale, or cession of territory, or to estab-
lish over it any superiority, right, or pre-eminence whatsoever,
which may injure or offend the full and ample exercise of its
sovereignty and independence. 3rdly. In acts tending to do away
with or change the form of government, the political constitu-
tion, or the laws that the Contracting Parties have made, or may
in future make, in the exercise of their sovereignty.
III. As both the Contracting Parties admit that every legiti-
mate act of alliance is based upon justice, for each of them
respectively the right is established of deciding whether the
offence inferred to the other is comprised amongst those men-
tioned in the preceding Article.
IV. The casus foederisonce declared, the Contracting Parties
bind themselves to cease immediately their relations with the
offending State ; to hand their passports to its Diplomatic Min-
isters; to cancel the appointments of the Consular Agents ; to
forbid the importation of its natural and industrial products,
and to close their ports against its ships.
V. The same parties will also appoint Plenipotentiaries to
adjust, by Protocol, the arrangements necessary to determine
upon the subsidies, the contingents of either sea or land forces,
or the aid of whatever kind that must be lent to the Republic
that has received the offence ; the manner in which the forces
are to act and the assistance to be lent, and whatever else may be
convenient for the defence. The meetings of the Plenipoten-
tiaries will take place in the place assigned by the offended party
for that purpose.