Treaty of Alliance among the Republic of Cyprus, Greece, and Turkey- Liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons;
- Uranium, thorium, lithium, beryllium and helium,
including their ores and compounds.
This list may be amended by an exchange of letters between
the Contracting Parties.
Article 3. The French Republic, the Central African Republic,
the Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Chad shall con-
sult each other regularly, particularly at Conferences of Heads
of State and Government and meetings of the Defence Council,
about the policy they are called upon to adopt in the field of raw
materials and strategic materials, particularly in the light of
general joint defence requirements, resource development in
the States of the Community and the world market situation.
Within the framework of the concerted policy, the Central
African Republic, the Republic of the Congo and the Republic
of Chad shall keep the French Republic informed of any general
or particular measures they intend to take with respect to the
prospection, exploitation and external marketing of raw mate-
rials and strategic materials. The French Republic shall transmit
to the Central African Republic, the Republic of the Congo and
the Republic of Chad any background data at its disposal con-
cerning the questions referred to in this paragraph. The Central
African Republic, the Republic of the Congo and the Republic
of Chad shall keep it informed of decisions taken.
Article 4. The Central African Republic, the Republic of the
Congo and the Republic of Chad shall reserve enough of the
raw materials and strategic materials produced in their territo-
ries to satisfy internal consumption demands. They shall give
the French Republic preference as regards the purchase of the
surplus and shall procure such materials from it on a priority
basis. They shall facilitate their stockpiling for joint defence
requirements and, when the interests of that defence so require,
shall take the necessary steps to limit or prohibit their export to
other countries.
(Signed) FRAN ̧COIS TOMBALBAYE
(Signed) DAVID DACKO
(Signed)J. FOYER
(Signed) Abbé FULBERT YOULOU
4.1367 Treaty of Alliance among the Republic
of Cyprus, Greece, and Turkey
Alliance Members:Cyprus, Greece, and Turkey
Signed On:August 16, 1960, in the city of Nicosia (Cyprus). In force
until July 15, 1974.
Alliance Type:Defense Pact (Type I)
Source:United Nations Treaty,no. 5712.
SUMMARY
Cyprus was ceded to Britain by the Ottoman Empire in 1878 and
became a British Crown Colony in 1925. During the 1950s, a strong
movement called for emosis,the unification of the entirety of Greece,
which was resisted heavily by Turkey because of the significant num-
ber of Turkish Cypriots on the island. In 1959, Britain reached an
agreement with Greece and Turkey for Cyprus to become an inde-
pendent state. Under the conditions of the agreement,emosiswas for-
mally banned, Britain was allowed to have formal military bases in
Cyprus, and Greece and Turkey pledged guarantees for the complete
independence and border defense of Cyprus. Greece and Turkey were
also allowed to maintain small armies on the island.
The peace did not last long as violence broke out between ethnic pop-
ulations in Cyprus, and United Nations peacekeeping forces had to be
sent to the region in 1964. In July of 1974, after more than a decade of
turmoil, a Greek nationalist group supported by the junta in Greece
carried out a coup d’état in Cyprus, attempting to implement emosis.
Shortly thereafter, Turkey invaded Cyprus, and Greece and Turkey
were brought to the brink of war. The United Nations negotiated a
tense settlement, but this particular alliance had been broken by both
the coup and the invasion.Alliance Text
The Kingdom of Greece, the Republic of Turkey and the Repub-
lic of Cyprus,
I. In their common desire to uphold peace and to preserve
the security of each of them,
II. Considering that their efforts for the preservation of
peace and security are in conformity with the purposes and
principles of the United Nations Charter,
Have agreed as follows:
Article I. The High Contracting Parties undertake to co-
operate for their common defence and to consult together on
the problems raised by that defence.
Article II. The High Contracting Parties undertake to resist
any attack or aggression, direct or indirect, directed against the
independence or the territorial integrity of the Republic of
Cyprus.
Article III. For the purpose of this alliance, and in order to
achieve the object mentioned above, a Tripartite Headquarters
shall be established on the territory of the Republic of Cyprus.
Article IV. Greece and Turkey shall participate in the Tripartite
Headquarters so established with the military contingents laid
down in Additional Protocol No. I annexed to the present Treaty.
The said contingents shall provide for the training of the
army of the Republic of Cyprus.
Article V. The Command of the Tripartite Headquarters shall
be assumed in rotation, for a period of one year each, by a
Greek, Turkish and Cypriot General Officer, who shall be
appointed respectively by the Governments of Greece and
Turkey and by the President and the Vice-President of the
Republic of Cyprus.
Article VI. The present Treaty shall enter into force on the
date of signature.
The High Contracting Parties shall conclude additional
agreements if the application of the present Treaty renders them
necessary.
The High Contracting Parties shall proceed as soon as possi-
ble with the registration of the present Treaty with the