210 Chapter 3
Kosovo Liberation Army in late May, no progress was made between the two groups
and war was eminent.
Throughout June, July, and August, the two sides continued fighting with attempts
by the United States and other countries to mediate a settlement. The United Nations
also demanded an end to the fighting, a withdrawal of the special troops in the area
by Yugoslavia, the allowance of refugees to return to their homes in Kosovo, and the
beginning of talks with ethnic Albanians on the future of Kosovo.
Beginning in the fall of 1998, NATO states began conducting military exercises and
other shows of force. They then began to threaten Yugoslavia with airstrikes if it did
not change its Kosovo policy. As 1998 ended, very little progress was made toward
ending the hostilities between Yugoslavia and the Kosovo Liberation Army. In Janu-
ary and February 1999, the fighting continued, as did the threat of airstrikes by NATO.
Milosevic vehemently rejected the idea of foreign troops in Yugoslavia. Beginning
on March 24, 1999, NATO launched airstrikes on Kosovo to punish Yugoslavia for
refusing to make peace with the Kosovo Liberation Army and the other ethnic Alba-
nians in Kosovo. NATO stated the bombings would end as soon as Milosevic agreed
to a deal of interim self-rule by the ethnic Albanians until a final decision on the region
could be implemented. The bombings continued until Yugoslavia and Milosevic
finally agreed to NATO demands on June 3. Yugoslavia would leave Kosovo and
allow the ethnic Albanians to have self-rule until a final decision on the region could
be made. Even though Yugoslavia agreed to a peace plan, the bombings continued
until they pulled out of Kosovo entirely on June 10.
MID#4186
Dispute Number: 4186
Date(s): February 21, 2000 to April 3, 2000
Participants: 160 Argentina, 2 United States of America, 20 Canada, 200 United
Kingdom, 205 Ireland, 210 Netherlands, 211 Belgium, 212 Luxembourg, 220 France,
225 Switzerland, 230 Spain, 235 Portugal, 255 Germany, 290 Poland, 305 Austria,
310 Hungary, 316 Czech Republic, 317 Slovakia, 325 Italy, 349 Slovenia, 350
Greece, 355 Bulgaria, 360 Romania, 365 Russia, 366 Estonia, 368 Lithuania, 369
Ukraine, 372 Georgia, 373 Azerbaijan, 375 Finland, 380 Sweden, 385 Norway, 390
Denmark, 395 Iceland, 600 Morocco, 640 Turkey, 663 Jordan, 696 United Arab Emir-
ates/345 Yugoslavia
Outcome (and Settlement): Yield by side A (Unclear)
Fatalities: None
Narrative: NATO patrolled the border between Kosovo and Yugoslavia, but Kosovar
rebels continued to infiltrate and attack targets in Serbia. Yugoslavia reinforced its
border with additional troops and was met with threats from NATO.
MID#4298
Started in August 2000. See the narrative in the 344 Croatia/345 Yugoslavia dyad
dispute list.