310 Chapter 3
MID#3182
Dispute Number: 3182
Date(s): January 13, 1922 to January 14, 1923
Participants: 345 Yugoslavia, 360 Romania/310 Hungary
Outcome (and Settlement): Unclear (Negotiated)
Fatalities: None
Narrative: The border between Romania and Hungary was under the jurisdiction of
a boundary commission following World War I. On January 10, 1923, Romania sent
Hungary a protest of several incursions into Romania by Hungarian armed groups
along the Romanian-Hungarian frontier. Three days later there was an armed clash.
On January 17, Yugoslavia, Romania’s ally, promised its support if Hungary attacked.
and mobilized its forces. Tensions quickly fizzled though and, three months later, an
Allied commission began laying boundary markers.
Coding changes: End Date changed from January 31, 1923. Outcome changed from
Unclear. Settlement changed from None.
MID#1245
Started in September 1938. See the narrative in the 310 Hungary/345 Yugoslavia dyad
dispute list.
MID#1247
Dispute Number: 1247
Date(s): March 15, 1939 to March 30, 1939
Participants: 360 Romania/310 Hungary
Outcome (and Settlement): Compromise (Negotiated)
Fatalities: None
Narrative: The Carpatho-Ukraine part of the Czech state was given by the German
and Italian foreign ministers to Hungary on November 2, 1938, in the Vienna Award.
However, control over parts of the Carpatho-Ukrainian border remained unclear.
On March 11, 1939, the German government notified the Hungarians that it would
not object if Hungary annexed Carpatho-Ukraine as long as Hungary abided by a
set of conditions, and on March 14, Hungarian and Czech officials determined the
final boundaries between their countries and Carpatho-Ukraine. However Augustin
Volosin led disaffected residents of Carpatho-Ukraine, who thought they had German
backing and who were unhappy with the settlement, to request German support
against the Czechs and to declare independence.
Romania attempted to preempt an attack from Hungary by occupying 20 villages in
eastern Carpatho-Ukraine on March 15. Carpatho-Ukraine then drove the Czechs from
its capital, Huszt. By the afternoon the Hungarian army was on the march, clashing
with retreating Romanian troops, and by the following day Hungary seized the whole
of Carpatho-Ukraine. This unnerved Romania, and the Romanians quickly activated
between 90,000 and 100,000 troops. Hungary placed at least 250,000 soldiers near
the Romanian border and, on March 21, also activated reserve troops. On March 22,
Hungary stopped sending reinforcements and hinted that it would begin to withdraw