432 Chapter 4
Coding changes: Fatalities changed from Missing.
451 Sierra Leone/645 Iraq
MID#3957
Started in May 1990. See the narrative in the 645 Iraq/690 Kuwait dyad dispute
list.
452 Ghana/461 Togo
MID#1418
Dispute Number: 1418
Date(s): January 1963
Participants: 452 Ghana/461 Togo
Outcome (and Settlement): Unclear (None)
Fatalities: None
Narrative: On December 7, 1962, Ghana sent Togo a letter accusing the latter of pro-
viding asylum to those that attempted an assassination on Ghana’s president. Ghana
demanded their repatriation. On December 19, Togo responded that Ghana had no
proof of the allegations and those that Ghana demanded would stay in Togo under the
condition they not get involved in politics. During a January 24–26, 1963, meeting of
the Council of Ministers of the Inter-African and Malagasy Organization, the council
discussed the presence of Ghanaian troops massed on the Togolese border in response
to the exchange of notes.
Coding changes: Start Date changed from December 7, 1962. End Date changed
from December 19, 1962.
MID#1419
Dispute Number: 1419
Date(s): January 16, 1965 to May 29, 1965
Participants: 452 Ghana/461 Togo
Outcome (and Settlement): Unclear (None)
Fatalities: 1–25 deaths
Narrative: Tensions between Ghana and Togo worsened after two Ghanaian officials
killed a Togolese customs official. Both countries closed the border, but cross-border
incidents continued, including the detainment of two Ghanaian policemen who were
eventually released.
Coding changes: End Date changed from April 16, 1965.