16 Chapter 2
Participants: 2 United States of America, 51 Jamaica, 53 Barbados, 54 Dominica,
56 St. Lucia, 57 St. Vincent and the Grenadines, 58 Antigua & Barbuda/40 Cuba, 55
Grenada
Outcome (and Settlement): Victory for side A (Imposed)
Fatalities: 101–250 deaths
Narrative: This dispute describes the invasion and ephemeral occupation of Gre-
nada by the United States and the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS,
through the Caribbean Peace Force), codenamed in the United States as “Operation
Urgent Fury.” Several events led to the American occupation, including concerns over
American medical students in Grenada.
As important was the need for US President Ronald Reagan to have a victory fol-
lowing the disastrous American venture in Lebanon. The intervention came in reaction
to Bernard Coard’s coup and execution of the more moderate Communist President
Maurice Bishop. The invasion was a success for the US and OECS states. The United
States withdrew almost all of its troops by mid-December 1983 after placing Sir Paul
Scoon as governor-general to oversee the transition from Coard to a new government
that would better suit America’s interests in the Caribbean.
Coding changes: End Date changed from November 1, 1983.
2 United States of America/70 Mexico
MID#1556
Dispute Number: 1556
Date(s): December 7, 1835
Participants: 2 United States of America/70 Mexico
Outcome (and Settlement): Released (None)
Fatalities: None
Narrative: Tensions between the United States and Mexico were high over California
and Texas territories. The American government agreed to go into negotiations with
Mexico. Ellis, envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary, was sent to discuss
with Mexico in May 1839: outrages on the American flag from a seizure of the schoo-
ner Texas, firing on Paragon, an American brig, and several other diplomatic issues.
Coding changes: Start Date changed from Missing. End Date changed from Missing.
MID#1555
Dispute Number: 1555
Date(s): April 4, 1836 to July 1836
Participants: 2 United States of America/70 Mexico
Outcome (and Settlement): Unclear (None)
Fatalities: None
Narrative: During the Texas war for independence, President Andrew Jackson dis-
patched an American force led by General E. P. Gaines to Natchitoches, Louisiana, to
prevent any incursions by Texas, Mexico, or Indians into American territory. General